Impacts of Climate Change on Livestock and Related Food Security Implications—Overview of the Situation in Pakistan and Policy Recommendations

Hashmi, Hammad Ahmed; Belgacem, Azaiez Ouled; Behnassi, Mohamed; Javed, Khalid; Baig, Mirza Barjees

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-72987-5_8

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Pakistan is the world's third largest milk producer, demonstrating the importance of cattle (27). Many Pakistani livestock producers are impoverished, and owing to financial restrictions (28), the majority of these farmers are unable to buy current allopathic medications, resulting in poor animal productivity and health. In such circumstances, ethnoveterinary medicine may be advocated as an alternative to contemporary pharmaceuticals (29), and it can aid in poverty reduction by enabling people to cure their animals using their own resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnoveterinary Practices of Medicinal Plants Among Tribes of Tribal District of North Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

et al. 2022

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Domestic animals play a vital role in the development of human civilization. Plants are utilized as remedies for a variety of domestic animals, in addition to humans. The tribes of North Waziristan are extremely familiar with the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants as ethnoveterinary medicines. The present study was carried out during 2018–2019 to record ethnoveterinary knowledge of the local plants that are being used by the tribal communities of North Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. In all, 56 medicinal plant species belonging to 42 families were identified, which were reported to treat 45 different animal diseases. These included 32 herbs, 12 shrubs, and 12 trees. Among the plant families, Asteraceae contributed the most species (5 spp.), followed by Amaranthaceae (4 spp.), Solanaceae (4 species), and Alliaceae, Araceae, and Lamiaceae (2 spp. each). The most common ethnoveterinary applications were documented for the treatment of blood in urine, bone injury, colic, indigestion, postpartum retention, skin diseases, constipation, increased milk production, mastitis, foot, and mouth diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnoveterinary Practices of Medicinal Plants Among Tribes of Tribal District of North Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

et al. 2022

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“…A record 194 million tons of wheat will be traded globally in 2022, up 2.5 percent (4.8 million tons) from the level in 2020/21. As a result of a better-than-anticipated demand, this represents a rise of 1.1 million tons from the previous report [ 4 ]. It is also predicted that in order to meet the demand and consumption in 2050, wheat production will need to rise by 50–60% from its current level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Genome-Wide Identification of Potential mRNAs in Drought Response in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Aqeel¹,

Ajmal²,

Mujahid

et al. 2022

Genes

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Plant cell metabolism inevitably forms an important drought-responsive mechanism, which halts crop productivity. Globally, more than 30% of the total harvested area was affected by dehydration. RNA-seq technology has enabled biologists to identify stress-responsive genes in relatively quick times. However, one shortcoming of this technology is the inconsistent data generation compared to other parts of the world. So, we have tried, here, to generate a consensus by analyzing meta-transcriptomic data available in the public microarray database GEO NCBI. In this way, the aim was set, here, to identify stress genes commonly identified as differentially expressed (p < 0.05) then followed by downstream analyses. The search term “Drought in wheat” resulted in 233 microarray experiments from the GEO NCBI database. After discarding empty datasets containing no expression data, the large-scale meta-transcriptome analytics and one sample proportional test were carried out (Bonferroni adjusted p < 0.05) to reveal a set of 11 drought-responsive genes on a global scale. The annotation of these genes revealed that the transcription factor activity of RNA polymerase II and sequence-specific DNA-binding mechanism had a significant role during the drought response in wheat. Similarly, the primary root differentiation zone annotations, controlled by TraesCS5A02G456300 and TraesCS7B02G243600 genes, were found as top-enriched terms (p < 0.05 and Q < 0.05). The resultant standard drought genes, glycosyltransferase; Arabidopsis thaliana KNOTTED-like; bHLH family protein; Probable helicase MAGATAMA 3; SBP family protein; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2; Trihelix family protein; Mic1 domain-containing protein; ERF family protein; HD-ZIP I protein; and ERF family protein, are important in terms of their worldwide proved link with stress. From a future perspective, this study could be important in a breeding program contributing to increased crop yield. Moreover, the wheat varieties could be identified as drought-resistant/sensitive based on the nature of gene expression levels.

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“…Monjardino et al (2020) established that maintaining a high-quality legume crop in the mixed crop-livestock system increases farm income and reduces financial risk from integrating more resilient livestock and higher crop revenue among traditional mixed smallholder farms in South-East Asia. Hashmi et al (2021) established that while Pakistan has the world's largest integrated irrigation system, water scarcity has constrained farmers to shift cultivation from waterintensive crops like rice, wheat, cotton, and sugarcane to other crops and vegetables, which require less water, thus increasing pressure in the food market. Such a shift threatens the diversification in agriculture, reducing the incomes of households with limited access to water for irrigation due to financial constraints in collecting water from a distant source by ferrying using vehicles.…”

Section: Water Access Food Availability and Incomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Rural Premium and Financial Crisis Effect on the Nexuses between Food, Energy, and Water Consumption on Urban-Rural Income Gap in South–Eastern Asian Countries Using Pooled Regression Analysis

Khamjalas

2024

Am. J. Appl. Stat. Econ.

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Poverty and inequality reduction and access to affordable clean energy and clean water are among the global sustainable development goals. Yet, researchers have overlooked how food, energy, and water (FEW) resources can be instrumental in reducing the urban-rural income gap. In this article, ordinary least squares regression analysis was used to estimate rural premium and financial crisis effect on the nexuses between food, energy, and water consumption on urban-rural income gap using a sample of data pooled from three Asian countries: China, India, and Indonesia over 2000 to 2019. No significant urban or crisis effect on the poverty rate was established. However, a significant crisis effect on the poverty gap was established, but not on the urban premium. A significant positive interaction between food insecurity and water was established. Water supply improves agricultural production, improves food security, and reduces poverty by raising income. However, modern clean energy is associated with rising income inequality. Modern energy technologies benefit a few wealthier individuals investing in the energy and agriculture sectors. Therefore, improved water access, particularly to support food production and affordability, and efficient utilization of clean fuels and technologies among all individuals, regardless of socio-economic class, are crucial to escaping poverty and achieving prosperity.

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Impacts of Climate Change on Livestock and Related Food Security Implications—Overview of the Situation in Pakistan and Policy Recommendations

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Ethnoveterinary Practices of Medicinal Plants Among Tribes of Tribal District of North Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Ethnoveterinary Practices of Medicinal Plants Among Tribes of Tribal District of North Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Genome-Wide Identification of Potential mRNAs in Drought Response in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Estimating Rural Premium and Financial Crisis Effect on the Nexuses between Food, Energy, and Water Consumption on Urban-Rural Income Gap in South–Eastern Asian Countries Using Pooled Regression Analysis

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