Impacts of development and adult sex on brain cell numbers in the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

Barrett, Meghan; Godfrey, R. Keating; Sterner, Emily J; Waddell, Edward A.

doi:10.1016/j.asd.2022.101174

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The segments in which cuts produced some likelihood of instantaneous death varied based on larval size, with smaller larvae (7 DOL) more likely to die instantly than larger larvae (23–24 DOL). This is likely a result of two factors: (1) nervous system location within the body cavity changing as the animals’ grow non-isometrically in body and brain mass (Barrett et al 2022 ); and (2) reduced oxygen availability due to proportionally increased haemolymph loss in smaller larvae. Larvae exhibited a variety of abnormal behaviours in response to mechanical separation of different body segments, including continuous rolling, thrashing, or backward locomotion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) nervous system location within the body cavity changing as the animals' grow non-isometrically in body and brain mass (Barrett et al 2022); and (2) reduced oxygen availability due to proportionally increased haemolymph loss in smaller larvae. Larvae exhibited a variety of abnormal behaviours in response to mechanical separation of different body segments, including continuous rolling, thrashing, or backward locomotion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grinding as a slaughter method for farmed black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: Empirical recommendations to achieve instantaneous killing

Barrett,

Miranda,

Veloso

et al. 2024

Anim. welf.

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At least 200 billion black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) are reared each year as food and feed, and the insect farming industry is projected to grow rapidly. Despite interest by consumers, producers, and legislators, no empirical evidence exists to guide producers in practicing humane – or instantaneous – slaughter for these novel mini-livestock. BSFL may be slaughtered via freezing, boiling, grinding, or other methods; however standard operating procedures (SOPs) and equipment design may affect the likelihood of instantaneous death using these methods. We tested how larval body size and particle size plate hole diameter affect the likelihood of instantaneous death for black soldier fly larvae that are slaughtered using a standard meat grinder. Larval body size did not affect the likelihood of instantaneous death for larvae that are 106–175 mg in mass. However, particle size plate hole diameter had a significant effect on the likelihood of instantaneous death, with only 54% of larvae experiencing an instant death when using the largest particle size plate (12-mm hole diameter) compared to 84% using the smallest particle size plate (2.55 mm). However, a higher percentage of instantaneous death (up to 99%) could be achieved by reducing the proportion of larvae that become stuck in the machine. We conclude by outlining specific recommendations to support producers in achieving a 99% instantaneous death rate through specific SOPs to be used with similarly designed machines. We also develop a protocol for producers that wish to test their own grinding SOPs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grinding as a slaughter method for farmed black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: Empirical recommendations to achieve instantaneous killing

Barrett,

Miranda,

Veloso

et al. 2024

Anim. welf.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As was the case for larvae a decade ago, information surrounding adult H. illucens is fragmentary and presently must be scaffolded by that gleaned from other study systems. To address this, future work might: (1) borrow concepts from established programs that mass‐rear sterile fruit flies, screwworms, and mosquitoes; (2) conduct studies that can link knowledge across disciplines (e.g., [ 121–123 ] ); and especially, (3) pursue fieldwork that assesses the wild flies, their ecology, genetic diversity, and associated microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) borrow concepts from established programs that mass-rear sterile fruit flies, screwworms, and mosquitoes; (2) conduct studies that can link knowledge across disciplines (e.g., [121][122][123] ); and especially, (3) pursue fieldwork that assesses the wild flies, their ecology, genetic diversity, and associated microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No neonates without adults

2022

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With the potential to process the world's agricultural and food waste, provide sustainable fodder for livestock, aquaculture, and pet animals, as well as act as a source of novel biomolecules, the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, has been launched into the leading position within the insects as feed industry. Fulfilment of these goals, however, requires mass-rearing facilities to have a steady supply of neonate larvae, which inturn requires an efficient mating process to yield fertile eggs; yet, little is known about adult reproductive behavior, nor what physiological factors lead to its emergence. Moreover, fertile egg production tends to be highly variable in colony. Therefore, this review brings together what is currently known of the organismal biology of H. illucens, compiling information on adult morphology, physiology, biogeography, genomics, and behavioral ecology. As a holistic synthesis, it highlights several directions of interest for research to follow.

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Brain size scaling through development in the whitelined sphinx moth (Hyles lineata) shows mass and cell number comparable to flies, bees, and wasps

Aksamit,

Dorigão-Guimarães,

Gronenberg

et al. 2024

Arthropod Structure & Development

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Impacts of development and adult sex on brain cell numbers in the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Grinding as a slaughter method for farmed black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: Empirical recommendations to achieve instantaneous killing

Grinding as a slaughter method for farmed black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: Empirical recommendations to achieve instantaneous killing

No neonates without adults

Brain size scaling through development in the whitelined sphinx moth (Hyles lineata) shows mass and cell number comparable to flies, bees, and wasps

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