Impacts of elicitors on metabolite production and on antioxidant potential and tyrosinase inhibition in watercress microshoot cultures

Abstract

The study has proved the stimulating effects of different strategies of treatments with elicitors on the production of glucosinolates (GSLs), flavonoids, polyphenols, saccharides, and photosynthetic pigments in watercress (Nasturtium officinale) microshoot cultures. The study also assessed antioxidant and anti-melanin activities. The following elicitors were tested: ethephon (ETH), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), sodium salicylate (NaSA), and yeast extract (YeE) and were added on day 10 of the growth period. Cultures not treated with the elicitor were used as control. The total GSL content estimations and UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS analyses showed that elicitation influenced the qualitative and quantitative profiles of GSLs. MeJA stimulated the production of gluconasturtiin (68.34 mg/100 g dried weight (DW)) and glucobrassicin (65.95 mg/100 g DW). The elicitation also increased flavonoid accumulation (max. 1131.33 mg/100 g DW, for 100 μM NaSA, collection after 24 h). The elicitors did not boost the total polyphenol content. NaSA at 100 μM increased the production of total chlorophyll a and b (5.7 times after 24 h of treatment), and 50 μM NaSA caused a 6.5 times higher production of carotenoids after 8 days of treatment. The antioxidant potential (assessed with the CUPRAC FRAP and DPPH assays) increased most after 24 h of treatment with 100 μM MeJA. The assessment of anti-melanin activities showed that the microshoot extracts were able to cause inhibition of tyrosinase (max. 27.84% for 1250 µg/mL). Key points • Elicitation stimulated of the metabolite production in N. officinale microshoots. • High production of pro-health glucosinolates and polyphenols was obtained. • N. officinale microshoots have got tyrosinase inhibition potential. • The antioxidant potential of N. officinale microshoots was evaluated. Graphical abstract

Stimulation of Lignan Production in Schisandra rubriflora In Vitro Cultures by Elicitation

“…After YeE supplementation, progressive turbidity of the medium and gradual browning of microshoots were immediately observed ( Figure 1 ). Similar effects of elicitors were observed in experiments conducted on shoot cultures of, e.g., S. chinensis [ 22 ], Nasturtium officinale [ 23 ] and Eryngium planum [ 24 ].…”

Antioxidant Potential and Enhancement of Bioactive Metabolite Production in In Vitro Cultures of Scutellaria lateriflora L. by Biotechnological Methods

“…Methyl jasmonate (0.6, 1.2, 2.5 mg/L) in root cultures of Ajuga bracteosa elevated total phenolic content and total flavonoid content depending on the culture growth phase [ 56 ]. Elicited shoot and root cultures of Hypericum perforatum produced flavonoids and naphthodianthrones [ 57 ], while 100 µM methyl jasmonate was the most effective for flavonoid production in shoot cultures of Nasturtium officinale [ 58 ] and phenolic acids in shoot cultures of Exacum affine [ 48 ]. In the agitated shoot cultures of Schisandra chinensis , methyl jasmonate either moderately decreased or did not affect the accumulation of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans (depending on the concentration used) [ 59 ].…”

“…Agitated cultures of S. lateriflora were maintained in an identical LS medium as used in previous experiments, with the same final concentrations of biosynthetic precursors (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 g/L). However, based on our previous experiments on S. baicalensis [ 22 ] and Nasturtium officinale [ 58 ], a concentration of 50 µM was chosen for the elicitor. The biomass increments of cultures in which phenylalanine and methyl jasmonate were administered ranged from 5.8- to 7.1-fold (day 3) and from 6.4- to 8.2-fold (day 7) after precursor administration.…”

Influence of Sodium Salicylate on Adventitious Organogenesis of a Commercial Cucumber Cultivar

“…In addition, other plant processes and attributes reported, in particular with NaSA application, may also influence regeneration efficiency, such as changes in photosynthetic pigment content (Elazab and Youssef 2017;Klimek-Szczykutowicz et al 2022) and net photosynthetic and respiration rates (Al-Hakimi 2001), beneficial ion uptake and transport (Al-Hakimi and Hamada 2001;Elazab andYoussef 2017), enhanced growth (Al-Hakimi 2001;Elazab and Youssef 2017) and biomass parameters (Bhambhani et al 2012;Klimek-Szczykutowicz et al 2022), improved plant water relations (Al-Hakimi 2001), changes in secondary metabolite content (Silja and Satheeshkumar 2015;Klimek-Szczykutowicz et al 2022), and so forth.…”

“…Stresses generated by in vitro culture, such as those resulting from excess ethylene, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and (poly) phenols (Miguel 2021a), which may affect regeneration efficiency (Seong et al 2005; reviewed by Szechyńska-Hebda et al 2007; Klimek-Szczykutowicz et al 2022), could be mitigated by SA/salicylates. Ethylene biosynthesis decreased in mung bean (Lee et al 1999) and in two barley cultivars under 300 mM NaCl stress (Torun et al 2020), when exposed to SA.…”