Impacts of landscape patterns on water-related ecosystem services under natural restoration in Liaohe River Reserve, China

Impacts of Future Climate and Land Use/Cover Changes on Water-Related Ecosystem Services in Changbai Mountains, Northeast China

“…This is because in most regions, forest canopies have a stronger precipitation interception capacity than grasslands and annual crops, especially in mountainous areas, while the complex root system of woodlands also increases soil stability (Felipe-Lucia et al, 2020). For example, compared to our study, Xia et al (2021) found that the GFGP project in the Liaohe River basin of China resulted in soil loss of 4.33 × 10 5 -2.94 × 10 5 t/year from 2007 to 2015. In mountainous areas of Spain, the revegetation of Aragón between the mid-20th and early 21st centuries led to a significant increase in water supply (>1,000%) and soil retention (>400%) (Brunoa et al, 2021).…”

Spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem services in response to landscape patterns under the Grain for Green Program: A case‐study in Kaihua County, China

“…Landscape pattern refers to the spatial arrangement and combination of landscape elements with different types, sizes and shapes (Turner, 1987; Turner, 1990), which influence ES through ecosystem components, structures, and ecological processes (Mitchell et al, 2015; Yohannes et al, 2021). The two key characteristics of landscape patterns are landscape connectivity and fragmentation, which play important roles in ES change by changing the landscape compositions and configurations (Botzas‐Coluni et al, 2021; Xia et al, 2021; Yushanjiang et al, 2018). For example, the expansion of construction land, cropland, extension of traffic networks, and the artificial disturbances to forest land and grassland may lead to the separation, complexity and fragmentation of landscapes, and the reductions in CS, HQ and WP (Edwards et al, 2014; Putz et al, 2014).…”

“…Landscape pattern index is a quantitative index used to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of landscapes. Some studies used correlation analysis and regression analysis to reveal the impacts of landscape pattern index on ES, but they can only analyze whether the landscape pattern index is significant and whether its influence is positive or negative (Xia et al, 2021; Yohannes et al, 2021). However, the importance of landscape pattern indices for specific ES has yet to be studied.…”

Evaluación de la fragmentación del paisaje en la cuenca de la laguna costera Garzón, Uruguay

“…Los efectos de la fragmentación se correlacionan con una variedad de servicios ecosistémicos, incluyendo el efecto negativo sobre el movimiento de animales y de materia (Mitchell, et al, La entrada de agua dulce hacia la laguna Garzón con nuevos aportes de nutrientes representa una amenaza que potencialmente puede producir eventos severos de contaminación y cambios en la productividad primaria del sistema (Rodríguez-Gallego, et al, 2017). En este contexto, la protección y generación de áreas naturalizadas favorecerán la retención de suelos y consecuentemente los servicios relacionados a la purificación de aguas por captación de nutrientes y sedimentos (Xia, et al, 2021). Monitoreos continuos sobre la dinámica del paisaje y sus usos, en conjunto con evaluaciones de la calidad de agua del sistema y sus efluentes asociados, se tornan necesarios.…”