Impacts of Large-Scale Surface Modifications on Meteorological Conditions and Energy Use: A 10-Region Modeling Study

Taha, Haider; Konopacki, S.; Gaberšek, S.

doi:10.1007/s007040050082

Cited by 88 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These strategies can directly lower surface temperature through shading, evapotranspiration, and reflection of radiation (Taha 1997), and they can reduce conductive heat flow into buildings. Reduced radiative surface temperatures also lower the sensible heat fluxes from the ground during the day and the amount of heat stored in urban surfaces at night, both of which can lower urban air temperature.…”

Section: Urban Heat Island Mitigation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating New York City's Heat Island: Integrating Stakeholder Perspectives and Scientific Evaluation

Rosenzweig¹,

Solecki²,

Parshall³

et al. 2009

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

126

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Section: Urban Heat Island Mitigation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating New York City's Heat Island: Integrating Stakeholder Perspectives and Scientific Evaluation

Rosenzweig¹,

Solecki²,

Parshall³

et al. 2009

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

126

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“…Realistic three-dimensional simulations of urban effects were carried out by Hjelmfelt (1982), Seaman et al (1989), Kimura and Takahashi (1991), Ichinose et al (1999), and Taha et al (1999). Kimura and Takahashi (1991) carried out numerical simulations of the Tokyo metropolitan area under typical summer synoptic conditions, with and without land-use data and anthropogenic heat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Land-Use Alteration on the Sea Breeze and Daytime Heat Island in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

Kusaka

Kimura

Hirakuchi

et al. 2000

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

144

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The changes of a sea breeze and a daytime heat island due to land-use alteration during an 85 year period have been numerically simulated. The domain of interest is the Kanto Plain (15000 km2), including the Tokyo metropolitan area. This urban area is located in the southern part of the plain and consists of many cities in Tokyo and its suburbs. The horizontal scale of the area is about 40 km and has increased by a factor of four during the 85 year period. The simulations were conducted under a summer synoptic condition with weak gradient wind and almost clear sky. The model is based on the threedimensional anelastic equations, taking into account the hydrostatic assumption. First, it was confirmed that the simulated wind field and temperature distribution with using the land-use data for 1985, agreed with observed data. The simulations were then conducted using the land-use data for 1950 and 1900. From comparison among the three simulations, the following two major conclusions were obtained: (1) Land-use alteration modified the wind system over the Kanto Plain. In particular, the simulated sea breeze front in 1985 was more clearly defined around the northern end of the Tokyo metropolitan area. The time required for the sea breezes to reach inland areas increased by two hours. (2) The warming due to land-use alteration is found over the Tokyo metropolitan area and the northwestern part of the Kanto Plain. In particular, the area of the most prominent warming is found in the northern end of the Tokyo metropolitan area. Intensity of daytime heat island in the area were estimated as 3-4C and 2-3C during the 85 year period, and latest 35 years respectively. The above warming is confirmed to result from the enhanced sensible heat flux and the change of interaction between the boundary layer heating and sea breeze front.

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“…where Y it is the temperature at time t in region i, X wind it is the wind speed, X f or it is the per capita urban forest size, X rain it is amount of rainfall, X car it is per capita number of cars, X road it is the road size per capita, X elec it is the per capita electricity usage, and D coast i is the dummy which is set to 1 if the city is near coast. Previous research suggests that urban temperatures are influenced by road sizes and the number of cars [4,32,[36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies indicated that the increase per capita of urban forest area by 1 m 2 results in the decrease of the temperature in urban areas by 1 • C to 3 • C [34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. By reflecting these studies, we included the size of urban forest (in the current study, the size of life zone urban forest) as one of the attributes that influence urban heat islands.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metropolitan Residents’ Preferences and Willingness to Pay for a Life Zone Forest for Mitigating Heat Island Effects during Summer Season in Korea

2016

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Abstract:Coupled with green house effects, the urban heat island is occurring more frequently, and thus is becoming a serious social problem. In order to elicit policy implications, the current study assesses the economic values on the heat island-mitigating functions of urban forest through choice experiments. The analytical results suggest that metropolitan city residents' utility can be increased by raising the size of life zone forests which is comprised of street trees, parks in residential regions, and small forests in school zones. The derived marginal willingness to pay for the life zone forests suggest that the respondents are willing to pay $56.68-76.59 for every increase of the urban forest by 1 m 2 .

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Impacts of Large-Scale Surface Modifications on Meteorological Conditions and Energy Use: A 10-Region Modeling Study

Cited by 88 publications

References 15 publications

Mitigating New York City's Heat Island: Integrating Stakeholder Perspectives and Scientific Evaluation

Mitigating New York City's Heat Island: Integrating Stakeholder Perspectives and Scientific Evaluation

The Effects of Land-Use Alteration on the Sea Breeze and Daytime Heat Island in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

Metropolitan Residents’ Preferences and Willingness to Pay for a Life Zone Forest for Mitigating Heat Island Effects during Summer Season in Korea

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