Impacts of laser energy doses in maintaining the shape and deformability of the red blood cell (morphological &physiological) in vitro

Abstract

Lasers have been applied in various clinical procedures such as surgery and cardiology to clear occluded blood vessels. However, there subsists insight into the relevant parameters and their ability to develop a rheological property of blood. Two blood samples were used. Morphological changes that have been chosen to detect this effect on red cells were: echinocytes, dacrocytes, stomatocytes, keratocytes , schistocytes. Laser beams λ = 532nm , power 100 mw at different intervals (0, 1, 3, 6, and 10 seconds).Six slides prepared for each interval. Slides were irradiated and microscopic photographs were taken to observe changes in population of each poikilocytes were compared to non-irradiated control blood smears. The effects were listed in a table in the form of a scale. Various laser energy doses were able to reduce the population of some poikilocytes namely ( dacrocytes, stomatocytes) in a male and (echinocytes, dacrocytes, stomatocytes, keratocytes and schistocytes) in a female by one, two or three cells. A poikilocyte is a distorted red blood cell and bears different forms, for instance, created (echinocytes), teardrop (dacrocytes), bite cells (keratocytes) or even fragmented (schistocytes). Low-energy laser improves the monographic properties of red cells by enhancing ATPase activity, metabolic output, activity of antioxidant enzymes.