2015
DOI: 10.2134/jeq2015.01.0019
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Impacts of Lithological and Anthropogenic Factors Affecting Water Chemistry in the Upper Paraguay River Basin

Abstract: Located in the Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPRB), the Pantanal is considered the world's largest wetland, being rather pristine although increasingly threatened by development programs. The main objective of this paper is to provide a baseline of water chemistry for this region, which is largely unknown as a result of poor accessibility. We used two datasets (70 and 122 water samples) collected in the Pantanal floodplain and surrounding uplands during the wet season occurring from November to March. From the m… Show more

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Cited by 24 publications
(22 citation statements)
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References 39 publications
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“…A significant number of processes have comparable intensities, i.e., the dataset is rich with information; however, principal components U4 and above account for a percentage less than 10%, which makes it difficult to distinguish an associated process. Therefore, these principal components were not considered in the study due to their low eigenvalues, assuming that they make up part of the chemical background noise of the sample set (Rezende- Filho et al 2015;Helena et al 2000).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…A significant number of processes have comparable intensities, i.e., the dataset is rich with information; however, principal components U4 and above account for a percentage less than 10%, which makes it difficult to distinguish an associated process. Therefore, these principal components were not considered in the study due to their low eigenvalues, assuming that they make up part of the chemical background noise of the sample set (Rezende- Filho et al 2015;Helena et al 2000).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Assuming that the alkalinity does not change from the field to the analysis, the calculated pCO2 corresponds to field conditions; however, pCO2 was not included as a variable in the PCA because it derives mainly from pH and alkalinity. Considering pCO2 as a variable in the same way as other major ions would result in an artificial reinforcement of its weight on the total sampling variance (Rezende- Filho et al 2015). The treatment was carried out on the entire dataset (1,135 samples, n = 12 variables) to identify the main variables and samples responsible for chemical variability, with PCA principal components being referred to as U1, U2, … U12.…”
Section: Data Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Principal components furnish macro parameters, i.e., synthetic data that convey strong and significant information and, therefore, are particularly suitable and relevant for time monitoring or digital mapping and spatial analysis, just like original parameters [14,[23][24][25]. The scores of the samples along the principal components were used for the mapping of the main sources of variation in water quality identified in the study.…”
Section: Mappingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The lithology of the São Lourenço River Basin mainly consists of Parana Basin sandstones, with some areas of limestones and other carbonate‐rich rocks. However, these carbonate rocks have little influence on the river chemistry (Rezende Filho et al, ; Rezende‐Filho et al, ). Therefore, the São Lourenço River water has low electrical conductivity (20 to 40 μS cm −1 ) but shows positive calcite residual alkalinity (RA calcite ) (i.e., higher alkalinity than calcium (Ca) content) (Barbiero, Valles, & Cheverry, ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%