Impacts of local human activities on the Antarctic environment

Tin, T.; Fleming, Zoë L.; Hughes, Kevin A.; Ainley, David G.; Convey, Peter; Moreno, Carlos; Pfeiffer, Simone; Scott, Jenn; Snape, Ian

doi:10.1017/s0954102009001722

Cited by 425 publications

(335 citation statements)

References 186 publications

(352 reference statements)

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“…Given the contemporary relative scarcity of non-native species in Antarctica, to a large extent habitat restoration in Antarctica is not an issue as yet, though it is clearly important in the sub-Antarctic. If Antarctic habitats are damaged by eradication action then, by analogy with the rates of recovery from other impacts (such as ground disturbance or trampling), recovery may require decades at least (Tin et al 2009). …”

Section: Habitat Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bargagli 2005;Frenot et al 2005;Kerry and Riddle 2009;Tin et al 2009;Convey 2010, 2012;Cowan et al 2011;Chown et al 2012a) and human-assisted establishment of nonnative species, both in the context of those introduced from beyond the Antarctic region and in the movement of Antarctic biota between different eco-regions within the continent, has been identified as one of the most pervasive threats to indigenous ecosystems Chown et al 2012b;Terauds et al 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological invasions in terrestrial Antarctica: what is the current status and can we respond?

et al. 2015

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Section: Habitat Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological invasions in terrestrial Antarctica: what is the current status and can we respond?

et al. 2015

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“…The majority of documented introduced species in the Antarctic are considered humandependent immigrants (e.g. Lewis-Smith, 1996;Olech, 1996;Pfeiffer et al, 2007;Tin et al, 2009;Chwedorzewska and Korczak, 2010;Molina-Montenegro et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diaspores of the Introduced Species Poa annua L. in Soil Samples from King George Island (South Shetlands, Antarctica)

Wódkiewicz

Galera

Chwedorzewska³

et al. 2013

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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“…T errestrial Antarctica remains one of the most pristine environments on Earth. However, much concern now exists that the combination of accelerating climate change and the rapidly growing scope and extent of scientific and tourist activities will lead to substantial environmental degradation (1)(2)(3). One of the primary drivers of this change is thought to be the increasing prospect of the establishment of terrestrial, invasive, nonindigenous (or alien) species (4-7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Continent-wide risk assessment for the establishment of nonindigenous species in Antarctica

Chown

Huiskes

Gremmen

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

310

322

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International audienceInvasive alien species are among the primary causes of biodiversity change globally, with the risks there of broadly understood for most regions of the world. They are similarly thought to be among the most significant conservation threats to Antarctica, especially as climate change proceeds in the region. However, no comprehensive, continent-wide evaluation of the risks to Antarctica posed by such species has been undertaken. Here we do so by sampling, identifying, and mapping the vascular plant propagules carried by all categories of visitors to Antarctica during the International Polar Year's first season (2007-2008) and assessing propagule establishment likelihood based on their identity and origins and on spatial variation in Antarctica's climate. For an evaluation of the situation in 2100, we use modeled climates based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Special Report on Emissions Scenarios Scenario A1B [Nakicenovic N, Swart R, eds (2000) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios: A Special Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK)]. Visitors carrying seeds average 9.5 seeds per person, although as vectors, scientists carry greater propagule loads than tourists. Annual tourist numbers (∼33,054) are higher than those of scientists (∼7,085), thus tempering these differences in propagule load. Alien species establishment is currently most likely for the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Recent founder populations of several alien species in this area corroborate these findings. With climate change, risks will grow in the Antarctic Peninsula, Ross Sea, and East Antarctic coastal regions. Our evidence-based assessment demonstrates which parts of Antarctica are at growing risk from alien species that may become invasive and provides the means to mitigate this threat now and into the future as the continent's climate changes

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Impacts of local human activities on the Antarctic environment

Abstract: We review the scientific literature, especially from the past decade, on the impacts of human activities on the Antarctic environment.

Cited by 425 publications

References 186 publications

Biological invasions in terrestrial Antarctica: what is the current status and can we respond?

Biological invasions in terrestrial Antarctica: what is the current status and can we respond?

Diaspores of the Introduced Species Poa annua L. in Soil Samples from King George Island (South Shetlands, Antarctica)

Continent-wide risk assessment for the establishment of nonindigenous species in Antarctica

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