Impacts of Marine Debris: Entanglement of Marine Life in Marine Debris Including a Comprehensive List of Species with Entanglement and Ingestion Records

Laist, David W.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8486-1_10

Cited by 500 publications

(423 citation statements)

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“…Research on the impacts of plastics on marine biota has mainly focused on large plastic items which may have direct negative impacts on over 260 species, generally through ingestion and entanglement 4,8 . However, there is increasing concern about the impacts of smaller plastics on marine organisms about which much less is known 4,9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ingestion of Microplastic Has Limited Impact on a Marine Larva

Kaposi

Mos

Kelaher

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

352

150

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ABSTRACT:There is increasing concern about the impacts of microplastics (< 1mm) on marine biota. Microplastics may be mistaken for food items and ingested by a wide variety of organisms. While the effects of ingesting microplastic have been explored for some adult organisms, there is poor understanding of the effects of microplastic ingestion on marine larvae. Here, we investigated the ingestion of polyethylene microspheres by larvae of the sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla. Ingestion rates scaled with the concentration of microspheres.Ingestion rates were, however, reduced by biological fouling of microplastic and in the presence of phytoplankton food. T. gratilla larvae were able to egest microspheres from their stomach within hours of ingestion. A microsphere concentration far exceeding those recorded in the marine environment had a small non-dose dependent effect on larval growth, but there was no significant effect on survival. In contrast, environmentally realistic concentrations appeared to have little effect. Overall, these results suggest that current levels of microplastic pollution in the oceans only pose a limited threat to T. gratilla and other marine invertebrate larvae, but further research is required on a broad range of species, trophic levels and polymer types.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ingestion of Microplastic Has Limited Impact on a Marine Larva

Kaposi

Mos

Kelaher

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

352

150

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“…Twelve of 32 seal species have been recorded to ingest plastic at least occasionally (Kühn et al, 2015), but seals generally are more often entangled in debris than affected by ingestion (Laist, 1997;but see Bravo Rebolledo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional differences in plastic ingestion among Southern Ocean fur seals and albatrosses

Ryan

Bruyn

Bester

2016

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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We provide data on regional differences in plastic ingestion for two Southern Ocean top predators: Arctocephalus fur seals and albatrosses (Diomedeidae). Fur seals breeding on Macquarie Island in the 1990s excreted small (mainly 2-5 mm) plastic fragments, probably derived secondarily from myctophid fish. No plastic was found in the scats of these seals breeding on three islands in the southwest Indian and central South Atlantic Oceans, despite myctophids dominating their diets at these locations.Compared to recent reports of plastic ingestion by albatrosses off the east coast of 2 South America, we confirm that plastic is seldom found in the stomachs of Thalassarche albatrosses off South Africa, but found no Diomedea albatrosses to contain plastic, compared to 26% off South America. The reasons for such regional differences are unclear, but emphasise the importance of reporting negative as well as positive records of plastic ingestion by marine biota.

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“…Moreover, it is probable that a wide range of marine organisms are affected by plastic wastes in the sea. Macrodebris ingestion and entanglement are well documented in sea birds, mammals and turtles and more recently in fishes and invertebrates (e.g., Laist, 1987Laist, , 1997Gramentz, 1988;Weisskopf, 1988;Slip et al, 1990;Moser and Lee, 1992;Shaw and Day, 1994;Goldberg, 1997;Robards et al, 1995;Derraik, 2002;Thompson et al, 2004;Ryan et al, 2009;Boerger et al, 2010;Murray and Cowie, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neustonic microplastic and zooplankton in the North Western Mediterranean Sea

Collignon

Hecq

Glagani

et al. 2012

Marine Pollution Bulletin

515

174

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a b s t r a c tNeustonic microplastic and zooplankton abundance was determined in the North Western Mediterranean Sea during a summer cruise between July 9th and August 6th 2010, with a break between July 22th and 25th due to a strong wind event. Ninety percent of the 40 stations contained microplastic particles (size 0.3-5 mm) of various compositions: e.g., filaments, polystyrene, thin plastic films. An average concentration of 0.116 particles/m 2 was observed. The highest abundances (>0.36 particles/m 2 ) were observed in shelf stations.The neustonic plastic particles concentrations were 5 times higher before than after the strong wind event which increased the mixing and the vertical repartition of plastic particles in the upper layers of the water column. The values rise in the same order of magnitude than in the North Pacific Gyre. The average ratio between microplastics and mesozooplankton weights was 0.5 for the whole survey and might induce a potential confusion for zooplankton feeders.

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Impacts of Marine Debris: Entanglement of Marine Life in Marine Debris Including a Comprehensive List of Species with Entanglement and Ingestion Records

Cited by 500 publications

References 0 publications

Ingestion of Microplastic Has Limited Impact on a Marine Larva

Ingestion of Microplastic Has Limited Impact on a Marine Larva

Regional differences in plastic ingestion among Southern Ocean fur seals and albatrosses

Neustonic microplastic and zooplankton in the North Western Mediterranean Sea

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