Impacts of Oral Florfenicol Medication and Residues on the Kidney and Liver of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.)

Abstract

Florfenicol (FFC), an approved aquaculture antibiotic, is administered in feed at doses of 10–15 mg kg biomass−1 day−1 for 10 successive days. In this study, healthy Oreochromis niloticus were fed with 0–10 times the therapeutic dose of 15 mg kg biomass−1 day−1 for 10 days and tracked for 43 days post dosing. Assessments of residue accrual and depletion, oxidative stress, serum biochemistry, histopathology and extent of kidney and liver damages were made. FFC dosing reduced the feed intake significantly. The therapeutic dose produced no mortalities on day 10. Dose-dependent alterations in serum biochemistry were noted upon dosing. Several histopathological alterations were observed in the kidney and liver, which vindicated the toxic potentials of FFC. The residual FFC and florfenicol amine (FFA) accrual, depletion and oxidative stress responses, such as increased malondialdehyde, total nitric oxide, ferric reducing antioxidant power and reduced glutathione S-transferase activity, were documented. The dietary FFC persuaded the physiological state of O. niloticus, the effects of which normalized sparsely with time upon cessation of dosing at the higher doses. The study provided a brief outlook on the physiological responses upon oral FFC administration, which should be kept in mind during its application for fish health safety purposes.

Dietary Nanocurcumin Impacts Blood Biochemical Parameters and Works Synergistically with Florfenicol in African Catfish Challenged with Aeromonas veronii

“…This was the main reason for including the higher dose of FFC in the study. Previous safety studies conducted in tropical conditions have shown various alterations in the kidney and liver tissues of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in response to oral FFC [44].…”

In Vitro Efficacy of Isobutyl Cyanoacrylate Nanoparticles against Fish Bacterial Pathogens and Selection Preference by Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…At high concentrations, several metallic nanoparticles are toxic, killing fish [49]. Growth inhibition was also reported in Cyprinus carpio by copper nanoparticles after thirty days of exposure [82]. Similarly, dose-dependent reduced feed intake and fish mortality have been associated with oral administration of some antibiotics [83].…”

Effect of Seasonal Changes in Heavy Metals on the Histomorphology of the Liver and Gills of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) in Burullus Lake, Egypt

“…This heavy metal can further stress the liver, exacerbating cellular damage [36,37]. A compromised liver poses a serious threat to the overall health and survival of O. niloticus, impacting individual fitness and potentially affecting entire populations [38]. ON the other hand, during warmer months, fish require more energy, pushing their metabolic machinery to its limits [39].…”