Impacts of sewage outbursts on seawater reverse osmosis desalination

Costs and benefits of combined sewer overflow management strategies at the European scale

“…For very large volumes, the cost of equipment is negligible, so that a typical cost is around 500 euro/m 3 (Gruppo CAP, pers. comm., 2021; Conte et al, 2020;Menin et al, 2020;Ajuntament de Barcelona, 2021). However, for tank volumes between 100 m 3 and 1000 m 3 , the cost related to the equipment becomes more relevant, and the cost per unit volume increases.…”

“…When the sewer network discharge exceeds the conveyance capacity of the network, the overflow is released into the environment. With wastewater treatment approaching compliance with the existing regulations in Europe (10th implementation report, European Commission, 2020), pollution from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) remains a significant pressure on the receiving water bodies and raises concern as a water management challenge (Gromaire et al, 2001;Pistocchi et al, 2019;Müller et al, 2020;Joshi et al, 2021;Montserrat et al, 2015, Ajuntament de Barcelona, 2021;Rombouts et al, 2013;Bar-Zeev et al, 2021;Owolabi et al, 2022). Increasing trends in the frequency of intense precipitation (Meehl and Tebaldi, 2004;Barceló and Sabater, 2010;Keupers and Willems, 2013) and urbanization (Fu et al, 2019) suggest that CSOs may worsen in the future as a European scale problem, impacting on the ecological status of rivers.…”

Significant dark inorganic carbon fixation in the euphotic zone of an oligotrophic sea

“…The added NO 3 or PO 4 was previously shown to stimulate the microbial activity in the Gulf of Aqaba, as well as maintaining the 16 : 1 Redfield ratio (Redfield 1934). The organic molecules tested here are antiscalants that are routinely discharged with desalination brine effluents (Belkin et al 2017; Marques et al 2023), which may subsequently impact local microbial communities (Bar‐Zeev et al 2021; Sisma‐Ventura et al 2022). The bioassay bottles were incubated for 48–72 h onshore in a running outdoor seawater pool to maintain the ambient surface seawater temperature.…”