Impacts of six potential HONO sources on HOx budgets and SOA formation during a wintertime heavy haze period in the North China Plain

Zhang, Jingwei; Chen, Jianmin; Xue, Chaoyang; Chen, Hui; Zhang, Qiang; Liu, Xingang; Mu, Yujing; Guo, Yitian; Wang, Danyun; Chen, Yong; Li, Jialin; Yu, Qian; An, Junling

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.100

Cited by 59 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 193 publications

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“…This was also consistent with the previous understanding that heterogeneous reactions of SO2 were the dominating pathway for sulfate formation (Zheng et al, 2015a;He et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2020). Overall, this work well supported the recent modeling results that HONO could obviously promote the aerosol production in winter (Zhang et al, 2019a;Zhang et al, 2019b;Xing et al, 2019;An et al, 2013) from the point of view of observation.…”

Section: Promotion Effect Of Hono Photolysis On Aerosol Formation In supporting

confidence: 92%

“…This promotion effect could be related to OH production from photolysis of HONO on aerosol formation followed by oxidation process of the corresponding precursors. Our observation supports well the recent modelling studies that HONO may significantly promote secondary aerosol mass formation (Zhang et al, 2019a;Zhang et al, 2019b;Xing et al, 2019;An et al, 2013). Based on stationary state calculations, traffic-related sources (direction emission and conversion of NO from vehicle emission) was found to be an important contributor to HONO source during polluted days in winter in Beijing.…”

Section: Conclusion and Atmospheric Implicationssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…reported, yet. On the other hand, the HONO budget has been investigated via modelling studies (Liu et al, 2019c;Zhang et al, 2019b) and photostationary state calculations (Wang et al, 2017b;Li et al, 2018;Huang et al, 2017;Lee et al, 2016;Oswald et al, 2015) ring road in the East, 130 m from the Zizhuyuan road in the North and 565 m from the Nandianchang road in the West ( Figure S1). The station is surrounded by both traffic https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-150 Preprint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The promotion effect of nitrous acid on aerosol formation in wintertime Beijing: possible contribution of traffic-related emission

Liu¹,

Zhang²,

Lian³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Secondary aerosol is a major component of PM2.5, yet its formation mechanism in the ambient atmosphere is still an open question. Based on field measurements in downtown Beijing, we show that the photolysis of nitrous acid (HONO) could promote the formation of organic and nitrate aerosol in wintertime Beijing as evidenced by the growth of the mass concentration of organic and nitrate aerosols linearly increasing as a function of consumed HONO from early morning to noon. The increased nitrate also lead to the formation of particulate matter ammonium by enhancing the neutralization of nitric acid by ammonia. We further illustrate that over 50&#8201;% of the ambient HONO during pollution events in wintertime Beijing might be related to traffic-related emission including direct emission and formation via the reaction between OH and vehicle-emitted NO. Overall, our results highlight that the traffic-related HONO plays an important role in the oxidative capacity and in turn, contribute to the haze formation in winter Beijing. Mitigation of HONO and NOx emission from the vehicles might be an effective way to reduce secondary aerosol mass formation and severe haze events in wintertime Beijing.

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Section: Promotion Effect Of Hono Photolysis On Aerosol Formation In supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Conclusion and Atmospheric Implicationssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The promotion effect of nitrous acid on aerosol formation in wintertime Beijing: possible contribution of traffic-related emission

Liu¹,

Zhang²,

Lian³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Photolysis of HONO accounts for average up to 60% of OH production in the boundary layer in some cases ( Alicke et al, 2003 ; Elshorbany et al, 2009 ; Tan et al, 2018 ). It has been found that HONO is capable of promoting secondary aerosols ( Czader et al, 2015 ; Liu et al, 2020 ; Xing et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2019a ; Zhang et al, 2019c ) and ozone formation ( Zhang et al, 2019a ). In addition, exposures to high concentration of HONO may damage mucous membranes and result into the respiratory system of asthmatics ( Ohyama et al, 2019 ; Ohyama et al, 2010 ; Rasmussen et al, 1995 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Chinese New Year overlapping COVID-19 lockdown on HONO sources in Shijiazhuang

Tao

Xing

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Nitrous acid (HONO) is an important precursor of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the atmosphere. It is also toxic to human health. In this work, HONO concentrations were measured in Shijiazhuang using a Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in ambient Air (MARGA) from December 15, 2019 to March 15, 2020, which covered the heavy air pollution season, the Chinese New Year (CNY) vocation and the Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) lockdown period. During & after CNY overlapping COVID-19 lockdown, the air quality was significantly improved because of both the emission reduction and the increase in diffusion ability of air masses. The mean HONO concentration was 2.43 ± 1.08 ppbv before CNY, while it decreased to 1.53 ± 1.16 ppbv during CNY and 0.97 ± 0.76 ppbv after CNY. The lockdown during & after CNY reduced ~31% of ambient HONO along with ~62% of NO and ~36% of NO 2 compared with those before CNY after the improvement of diffusion ability had been taken into consideration. Heterogeneous reaction of NO 2 on ground surface dominated the nocturnal HONO sources, followed by heterogeneous reaction on aerosol surface, vehicle emission, reaction between NO and OH and emission from soil on pollution days throughout the observation. Except for elevated soil emission, other nighttime HONO sources and sinks decreased significantly during & after CNY. The relative importance of heterogeneous reaction of NO 2 on surfaces further increased because of both the decrease in vehicle emission and the increase in the heterogeneous conversion kinetics from NO 2 to HONO during & after CNY.

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“…Recently, the photochemical reaction involving a nitrate series (HNO3, NO3 -) was considered as a major daytime HONO source (Han et al, 2017;Li et al, 2018;Ye et al, 2017;Tsai et al, 2018;Cui et al, 2019). The HONO production reaction is still controversial due to a wide variety of environments involving NOx, RH, and surfaces and incomplete understanding of multi-phase reaction (Bao et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2019c;Wen et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019b). In this context, new approaches are needed to elucidate the HONO formation mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of HONO in O3 formation and insight into its formation mechanism during the KORUS-AQ Campaign

Gil

Kim

Lee

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Photolysis of nitrous acid (HONO) has long been recognized as an early morning source of OH radicals in urban air, but the detailed mechanism of its formation is still unclear. During the Korea-US Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) campaign, HONO was measured using Quantum Cascade Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (QC-TDLAS) at Olympic Park in Seoul from 17 May to 10 June, 2016. HONO concentrations ranged from 0.07 ppbv to 3.46 ppbv with an average of 0.93 ppbv. HONO remained high at night from 1 am to 5 am, during which the mean concentration was higher in high-O3 episodes (1.82 ppbv) than non-episode (1.20 ppbv). In the morning, OH budget due to HONO photolysis were higher by 50 % (0.95 pptv) during high-O3 episodes compared to non-episode. Diurnal variations of HOx and O3 simulated by the F0AM model demonstrated a difference of ~ 20 ppbv in daily maximum O3 between the two periods. The HONO concentration increased with relative humidity (RH) until 80 %, of which the highest HONO was associated with the top 10 % NOx, confirming that NOx is a crucial precursor of HONO and its formation is facilitated by humidity. The conversion ratio of NOx to HONO was estimated to be 0.86 × 10−2 h−1 at night and also increased with RH. As surrogate for the catalyst surface, the mass concentrations of black carbon (eBC) and the surface areas of particles smaller than 120 nm showed a tendency for RH similar to conversion ratio. Using an Artificial Neuron Network (ANN) model, HONO concentrations were successfully simulated with measured variables (r = 0.8 for the best suite), among which NOx, surface area, and RH were found to be main factors affecting ambient HONO concentrations with weigh values of 26.2 %, 11.9 %, and 10.6 %, respectively. This study demonstrates the coupling of HONO with HOx-VOCs-O3 cycle in Seoul Metropolitan Areas (SMA) and provides practical evidence for heterogeneous formation of HONO by employing the ANN model to atmospheric chemistry.

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Impacts of six potential HONO sources on HOx budgets and SOA formation during a wintertime heavy haze period in the North China Plain

Cited by 59 publications

References 193 publications

The promotion effect of nitrous acid on aerosol formation in wintertime Beijing: possible contribution of traffic-related emission

The promotion effect of nitrous acid on aerosol formation in wintertime Beijing: possible contribution of traffic-related emission

Influence of Chinese New Year overlapping COVID-19 lockdown on HONO sources in Shijiazhuang

The role of HONO in O<sub>3</sub> formation and insight into its formation mechanism during the KORUS-AQ Campaign

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Impacts of six potential HONO sources on HOx budgets and SOA formation during a wintertime heavy haze period in the North China Plain

Cited by 59 publications

References 193 publications

The promotion effect of nitrous acid on aerosol formation in wintertime Beijing: possible contribution of traffic-related emission

The promotion effect of nitrous acid on aerosol formation in wintertime Beijing: possible contribution of traffic-related emission

Influence of Chinese New Year overlapping COVID-19 lockdown on HONO sources in Shijiazhuang

The role of HONO in O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; formation and insight into its formation mechanism during the KORUS-AQ Campaign

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The role of HONO in O<sub>3</sub> formation and insight into its formation mechanism during the KORUS-AQ Campaign