Impacts of textile and leather effluent on environment: an assessment through life cycle of fishes and plants

Abstract

The textile and tannery industry in Bangladesh is liable for polluting the soil and water body owing to the discharge of untreated effluents. They use enormous amounts of water, chemicals, and colorants for processing textile and leather products and release a complex mixture of organic and inorganic pollutants and metal contents, which negatively impact the environment. The main objective of this research was to study the deleterious impact of untreated textile and leather effluents on the environment in Bangladesh. For this purpose, textile and leather effluents were collected from industries during discharging after processing. Parameters, such as BOD, COD, pH, TDS, TSS, TH, Turbidity, conductivity, alkalinity, Dissolved Fe, metal contents, etc., were tested to determine the characteristics of the effluents. Moreover, the impact of these effluents on tree plants as well as on fishes was observed over 24 days. The results showed that the effluents contain extremely high values of BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, hardness, conductivity, alkalinity, silica from the recommended discharge limit. It was also observed that leather effluents cause a more harmful effect on the survival of fishes and trees due to the presence of high metal contents than textile effluents. The findings will help address this alarming situation in the ecosystem of Bangladesh and recommend immediate action to save the ecosystem from untreated discharges of industrial effluents.

Reliability of Biodegradation Measurements for Inhibitive Industrial Wastewaters

“…The BOD is 3300 mg/L and 500 mg/L in the case of leather effluents and textile effluents, respectively. The COD values of leather effluents are very high (2100-3400 mg/L) when compared to textile effluents (1050-1300 mg/L) [33].…”

Estimation of Some Physico-Chemical Parameters of Tannery Effluents to Surrounding Environment (A Yemeni Case Study)

“…It was observed from Table 2 that the concentration of total hardness, Ca-hardiness, and total alkalinity were extremely high in comparison with the standard levels of discharging in the land (Hasan et al, 2021). The high levels of carbonates influence calcium so that magnesium ions become insoluble mineral, leaving sodium as dominant ions in solution.…”

“…The electrical conductivity of the effluent ranged from 56060 to 70340 µs/cm and the average electrical conductance was (62725 µs/cm) which was very much above the permissible limit (ISI, 2000;NEQS,2000;Hasan et al,2021). Electrical conductivity is an excellent indicator of ionic forms of dissolved salts which can affect the taste (Solaimali & Saravana Kumar, 2004;WHO,2017).…”

“…Increasing alkalinity of effluent can intensify soil conditions and can parallelly destroy the agriculture and can also affect the life cycle of animals and plants dependent on water (Bai et al, 2010;Hasan et al, 2021).…”

Adsorption and Photodegradation of Lanasol Yellow 4G in Aqueous Solution by Natural Zeolite Treated by CO2-Laser Radiation

“…However, textile companies are responsible for producing several industrial pollutants, contributing to ecological problems, especially waterbody pollution [ 3 , 4 ]. Untreated effluents discharged into bodies of water contain mainly a mixture of dyes, metals, and other pollutants [ 5 ]. Even at low concentrations, dyes are undesirable in aquatic environments because they limit light penetration and interfere with the growth of aquatic plants.…”