Impacts of the diurnal cycle of radiation on tropical cyclone intensification and structure

Ge, Xiaojia; Ma, Yue; Zhou, Siyang; Li, Tim

doi:10.1007/s00376-014-4060-0

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Besides the differences in the magnitude and height of maximum perturbation temperature, the areal coverage of the warm core shows remarkable dissimilarities. For instance, the radial extension of the warm core in NIGHT is much wider than that in DAY, which is consistent with the fact that the former is large in size, as shown in Ge et al (2014). For a typical TC, there is a lower (upper)-level radial inflow (outflow), and the updraft arises in the eyewall region.…”

Section: Preliminary Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Specifically, the TC is likely to develop quicker during nighttime than daytime. The possible mechanisms involved in the influence of solar radiation on TC intensification have been discussed in previous studies (Ge et al, 2014;Melhauser and Zhang, 2014). Figure 2 compares the azimuthally averaged radial circulations and temperature perturbations during the mature stage.…”

Section: Preliminary Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Specifically, shortwave solar radiation was excluded in the NIGHT experiment, whereas it was strongest in the DAY experiment. Further details, including a description of the model and the design of the experiments can be found in the paper (Ge et al, 2014). In the present companion study, the primary goal is to understand the possible mechanisms accounting for the structure of the TC warm core.…”

Section: Preliminary Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study (Ge et al, 2014), the impacts of the diurnal cycle of radiation on TC development and size were examined. Three idealized experiments were conducted by specifying different levels of solar radiation.…”

Section: Preliminary Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possible mechanisms have been put forward regarding the roles of solar variation in modulating tropical convection. Recent numerical studies (Ge et al, 2014;Melhauser and Zhang, 2014) point out that the environmental stability and deep moist convection are substantially modulated by the diurnal variation of radiation. The radiative cooling during nighttime destabilizes the local and large-scale environment and thus promotes deep moist convection, which enhances TC intensity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity of the warm core of tropical cyclones to solar radiation

Zhou

et al. 2015

Adv. Atmos. Sci.

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To investigate the impacts of solar radiation on tropical cyclone (TC) warm-core structure (i.e., the magnitude and height), a pair of idealized simulations are conducted by specifying different strengths of solar shortwave radiation. It is found that the TC warm core is highly sensitive to the shortwave radiative effect. For the nighttime storm, a tendency for a more intense warm core is found, with an elevated height compared to its daytime counterpart. As pointed out by previous studies, the radiative cooling during nighttime destabilizes the local and large-scale environment and thus promotes deep moist convection, which enhances the TC's intensity. Due to the different inertial stabilities, the diabatic heating in the eyewall will force different secondary circulations. For a strong TC with a deeper vertical structure, this promotes a thin upper-level inflow layer. This inflow carries the lower stratospheric air with high potential temperature and descends adiabatically in the eye, resulting in significant upper-level warming. The Sawyer-Eliassen diagnosis further confirms that the height of the maximum temperature anomaly is likely attributable to the balance among the forced secondary circulations.

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Section: Preliminary Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Preliminary Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Preliminary Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preliminary Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity of the warm core of tropical cyclones to solar radiation

Zhou

et al. 2015

Adv. Atmos. Sci.

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Diurnal variations of the areas and temperatures in tropical cyclone clouds

Ruan

2016

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Diurnal variations of the areas and temperatures in tropical cyclone convective cloud systems in the western North Pacific were estimated using pixel‐resolution infrared (IR) brightness temperature (BT) and best‐track data for 2000–2013. The mean areal extent of very cold cloud cover (IR BTs < 208 K) reached a maximum in the early morning (0000–0300 local solar time (LST)), then decreased after sunrise. This was followed by increasing cloud cover between 208 and 240 K, reaching its maximum areal extent in the afternoon (1500–1800 LST). The time at which cloud cover reached a maximum was sensitive to the temperature thresholds used over the ocean. IR BTs < 240 K reached minima in the morning (0300–0600 LST), and IR BTs > 240 K reached minima in the afternoon (1500–1800 LST). The out‐of‐phase relationships between IR BTs < 240 K and IR BTs > 240 K, and between the maximum coverage times of IR BTs < 208 K and 208 K < IR BTs < 240 K, can both lead to the radius‐averaged IR temperature having two minima per day. The different diurnal evolutions under different cloud conditions suggest tropical cyclone convective cloud systems are best described in terms of both areal extent and cloud‐top temperature. Maximum occurrence of clouds with IR BTs < 208 K in the morning and maximum occurrence of clouds with 208 K < IR BTs < 240 K in the afternoon suggest that two different mechanisms might be involved in causing diurnal variations under these two types of tropical cyclone cloud conditions.

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Impacts of the diurnal cycle of solar radiation on spiral rainbands

Zhou

Ma²,

2016

Adv. Atmos. Sci.

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Impacts of the diurnal cycle of radiation on tropical cyclone intensification and structure

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Sensitivity of the warm core of tropical cyclones to solar radiation

Sensitivity of the warm core of tropical cyclones to solar radiation

Diurnal variations of the areas and temperatures in tropical cyclone clouds

Impacts of the diurnal cycle of solar radiation on spiral rainbands

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