Impacts of Tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) on Seas Around Taiwan

Ko, Dong S.; Chao, Shenn-Yu; Wu, Chun‐Chieh; Lin, I. I.; Jan, Sen

doi:10.3319/tao.2015.10.28.01(oc)

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition, typhoon Roke was formed southeast of Taiwan on July 21 and traveled northwest and passed through the Luzon Strait, reaching Hong Kong on July 23. The typhoon might have induced upwelling, and the upwelling may have been enhanced by the cyclonic vorticity (Ko et al, 2016). Southwesterly winds changed direction after October (Figure 2), which may have slowed down the northward flow and upwelling.…”

Section: Water Masses Variety and Nutrients Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jan et al (2010) revealed three primary water masses in the Taiwan Strait: the Kuroshio Branch Water (KBW) with high temperature and high salinity, the Mixed China Coastal Water (MCCW) with low temperature and low salinity, and the South China Sea Water (SCSW) with intermediate temperature and salinity. Additionally, tropical storms and typhoons also influence this area during the summer via induced heavy rainfall, strong vertical water mixing or upwelling (Ko et al, 2016). Jan et al (2002) pointed out that the deep Penghu Channel guides the intruding KBW northward into the Changyun Rise (CYR) and partially blocks along-strait transport on the eastern side of the strait in winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Variations of Marine Environment and Primary Production in the Taiwan Strait

et al. 2020

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The first data set of seasonal marine environment and euphotic zone integrated primary production (IP) variations in the Taiwan Strait was reported. The measured annual IP was 123 ± 86 gC m −2 year −1 (338 ± 235 mgC m −2 day −1), and its seasonal variations can be described with a left-skewed normal distribution curve. The average seasonal IP values from the highest to the lowest were summer (664 ± 270 mgC m −2 day −1), autumn (350 ± 118 mgC m −2 day −1), spring (202 ± 110 mgC m −2 day −1), and winter (137 ± 68 mgC m −2 day −1). The lowest IP was during the nutrient-rich winter because it had a short insolation duration, low incident photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and low light transmission (shallow euphotic zone depth) due to strong vertical mixing. In contrast to the winter, the highest IP was during the nutrient-depleted summer, which had a long insolation duration, high incident PAR and high light transmission (deeper euphotic zone depth). In addition, the heterotrophic nutrients from upwelling in the south might also support the highest IP in summer. As three primary water masses exist in the Taiwan Strait and three of them have different characteristics, different mixing ratios of water masses may cause different chemical and hydrographic conditions, which leads to different levels of Chl a concentrations and primary production. It is worth to mention that offshore wind farm (OWF) construction in the Changyun Rise (CYR) of the Taiwan Strait is ongoing. As primary production is the foundation for a marine ecosystem and supports the food web and fish stock, the results of this research can not only be used as the baseline for evaluating the OWF impact on the marine ecosystem but also be used for assessing their influence on fishery resources.

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Section: Water Masses Variety and Nutrients Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variations of Marine Environment and Primary Production in the Taiwan Strait

et al. 2020

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“…Inside the model domain 142 rivers derived from the World Meteorological Organization Global Runoff Data Center archives were included with monthly climatologic mass flux, temperature and zero salinity from their respective river mouths. The preliminary numerical experiments noted the importance of tides in driving enhanced upwelling in the seas around Taiwan and ECS so eight tidal constituents (K1, O1, P1, Q1, K2, M2, N2, and S2) were included (Ko et al, 2016). These were obtained from the Oregon State University Tidal Prediction Software (Egbert and Erofeeva, 2002).…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reoxygenation of the Hypoxia in the East China Sea: A Ventilation Opening for Marine Life

Chen

Gong

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Hypoxia and upwelling co-occur in the summer, and well-mixed water typically reaches the subsurface in the East China Sea (ECS), especially off the Changjiang River estuary. The impact of upwelling on hypoxia and, therefore, on the ecosystem in the ECS is not known. This study demonstrates both positive and negative effects of upwelling on hypoxia and its impact on the ecosystem. With upwelling, the spatial extent of hypoxic water increases with a lower pH but waters with high regenerated nutrients and fugacity of CO2 (fCO2), which are normally confined to the near-bottom, are found just up to 5–10 m below the surface. This upwelled high nutrient water can enhance phytoplankton growth in this region. On one occasion in August 2014, upwelling reached to the surface and lasted for 3 weeks, with the area of coverage ranging from 326.8 to 24,368.0 km2. During this event, the water was mixed thoroughly throughout the water column, with high concentrations of nutrients, chlorophyll a, and slightly undersaturated dissolved oxygen but saturated fCO2, alongside a normal pH. This event may have served as an important pathway from the ocean to the atmosphere for the regenerated CO2. It also provided a productive and suitable environment for marine life and ventilation to alleviate low-oxygen stress in this hypoxic but upwelling region in the ECS.

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“…To examine the impact of large scale circulation on coastal currents during typhoons, it is possible for our model to use the results from the large scale ocean circulation model (e.g., Ko et al 2016) as open boundary conditions.…”

Section: Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this study focues on the storm surge, waves, and inundation induced by Fanapi and Soulik around Taiwan, a recent study by Ko et al (2016) studied the impact of Fanapi and tides on coastal upwelling and circulation around Taiwan. Their study found that, on its way to Taiwan, Fanapi induced a cold wake spreading preferably on the right side of the essentially westward running track in the western Pacific.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating Storm Surge and Inundation Along the Taiwan Coast During Typhoons Fanapi in 2010 and Soulik in 2013

Sheng¹,

Paramygin²,

Terng³

et al. 2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Taiwan is subjected to significant storm surges, waves, and coastal inundation during frequent tropical cyclones. Along the west coast, with gentler bathymetric slopes, storm surges often cause significant coastal inundation. Along the east coast with steep bathymetric slopes, waves can contribute significantly to the storm surge in the form of wave setup. To examine the importance of waves in storm surges and quantify the significance of coastal inundation, this paper presents numerical simulations of storm surge and coastal inundation during two major typhoons, Fanapi in 2010 and Soulik in 2013, which impacted the southwest and northeast coasts of Taiwan, respectively. The simulations were conducted with an integrated surge-wave modeling system using a large coastal model domain wrapped around the island of Taiwan, with a grid resolution of 50 -300 m. During Fanapi, the simulated storm surge and coastal inundation near Kaohsiung are not as accurate as those obtained using a smaller coastal domain with finer resolution (40 -150 m). During Soulik, the model simulations show that wave setup contributed significantly (up to 20%) to the peak storm surge along the northeast coast of Taiwan. Three-D model simulations yield more accurate water level results and significant vertical variations in horizontal velocity at stations where wave-surge interaction is more pronounced. The simulated storm surge generally agreed well with the observed data at nearly 40 stations.

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Impacts of Tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) on Seas Around Taiwan

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Seasonal Variations of Marine Environment and Primary Production in the Taiwan Strait

Seasonal Variations of Marine Environment and Primary Production in the Taiwan Strait

Reoxygenation of the Hypoxia in the East China Sea: A Ventilation Opening for Marine Life

Simulating Storm Surge and Inundation Along the Taiwan Coast During Typhoons Fanapi in 2010 and Soulik in 2013

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