encouragement, I would not have been able to research this topic and finish this work successfully. Thank you for your continued support both professionally and personally. Prof. Jiao'e Wang, thank you for urging me to return to the academic environment when I was inefficient after returning to China. In a good academic atmosphere, I learned to reiterate the paper from the perspective of a reviewer, clarify my thinking, and make the diagram more clearly expressed. Your high efficiency and rigorous thinking have provided me with a role model for becoming an excellent researcher in the future. Dr. Jie Huang, thank you for your guidance on my several papers during my stay in Beijing. When I returned to China in the fourth year, I still lacked the ability to systematically sort out the entire paper. Under your guidance, I improved my ability to sort out logic. The communication with you played a very positive role in the later revision of the paper. Furthermore, I want to thank Prof. Chaoxiang Wen for giving me a deeper insight into cities through my field trips. Dr. Haoran Yang, thank you for guiding me on several papers and helping me with hardware facilities during my stay in China.I would also like to thank other former and present colleagues and friends for their company and support throughout the PhD journey: prof.