Impacts of wind stress on saltwater intrusion in the Yangtze Estuary

Li, Lu; Zhu, Jianrong; Wu, Hui

doi:10.1007/s11430-011-4311-1

Cited by 60 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Considerable numerical modeling of the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE) has been carried out in recent years, most of which were focused on the hydrodynamics, such as salt water intrusion [e.g., Qiu et al ., ; Xue et al ., ], transport time [e.g., Wang et al ., ; Li et al ., ], and storm surges [e.g., Hu et al ., ]; little involved suspended sediment transport processes. On the other hand, most previous studies of the suspended sediment transport and the ETMs in the YRE have been based on field work [e.g., Su and Wang , ; Shen et al ., ; Shi et al ., ; Li and Zhang , ; Chen et al ., ; Shi et al ., ; Wu et al ., ; Gao et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Wu et al ., ; Jiang et al ., ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspended sediment transport in the Deepwater Navigation Channel, Yangtze River Estuary, China, in the dry season 2009: 2. Numerical simulations

Song

Wang

2013

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

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[1] A three-dimensional wave-current-sediment coupled numerical model with wetting and drying process is developed to understand hydrodynamics and sediment transport dynamics in the Deepwater Navigation Channel (DNC), the North Passage of the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE), China. The model results are in good agreement with observed data, and statistics show good model skill scores and correlation coefficients. The model well reproduces the spring-neap variation between a well-mixed estuary and a highly stratified estuary. Model results indicate that the estuarine gravitational circulation plays the most important role in the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) formation in the DNC. The upstream nonlocal sediment intrusion through the spillover mechanism is a major source of sediment trapping in the North Passage after the morphological changes. Numerical studies are conducted to show scenarios in the YRE under the effects of different forcings (river discharges, waves, and winds). Between these study cases, surface-wave-breaking relieves the sediment trapping and bottomwave-current-interaction aggravates the bed erosion and elevates the SSC in the ETM; the former and the latter have the least and largest influence on the suspended sediment transport in the DNC. The wind effects have a greater influence on sediment trapping than the river discharges, and the steady northwesterly wind condition favors the siltation in the DNC most. The significance of density-driven turbidity current is also assessed, which can enhance the saline-water intrusion and suppress the turbulent mixing in the bottom boundary layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspended sediment transport in the Deepwater Navigation Channel, Yangtze River Estuary, China, in the dry season 2009: 2. Numerical simulations

Song

Wang

2013

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

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“…Intrusions of salt in estuaries have been widely studied, by both numerical and theoretical methods. Most studies of the Yangtze Estuary have been numerical (Kuang et al, 2009;Li et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2013;Xue et al, 2009). However, Zhang et al (2011) applied Savenije's (1986Savenije's ( , 1993 theoretical model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Three Gorges Dam, the South–North Water Transfer Project and water abstractions on the duration and intensity of salt intrusions in the Yangtze River estuary

Webber

Chen

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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This paper assesses the impacts of the Three Gorges Dam, the South-North Water Transfer Project and other water abstractions on the probability of long-duration salt intrusions into the Yangtze River estuary. Studies of intrusions of saltwater into estuaries are typically constrained by both the short duration of discharge records and the paucity of observations of discharge and salinity. Thus, studies of intrusions of saltwater into estuaries typically seek to identify the conditions under which these intrusions occur, using detailed observations for periods of 20-60 days. The paper therefore first demonstrates a method by which to identify the conditions under which intense intrusions of longduration occur and then applies that method to analyse the effect of the three projects. The paper constructs a model of the relationship between salinity and discharge and then employs Monte Carlo simulation methods to reconstruct the probability of observing intrusions of differing intensities and durations in relation to discharge. The model predicts that the duration of intrusions with chlorinity ≥ 250 mg L −1 (or ≥ 400 or 500 mg L −1 ) increases as the number of consecutive days with discharge ≤ 12 000 m 3 s −1 (or ≤ 8000 m 3 s −1 ) increases. The model predicts that in 1950-2014, the number of consecutive days with chlorinity ≥ 250 mg L −1 averaged 21.34 yr −1 ; if the three projects operate according to their normal rules, that average would rise to 41.20 yr −1 . For a randomly selected year of discharge history from the period 1950-2014, under normal operating rules for these projects the probability of an intrusion rises from 0.25 (for 30-day intrusions) or 0.05 (for 60-day intrusions) to 0.57 or 0.28, respectively.

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“…A northerly wind prevailed around the Changjiang Estuary during that period, which can produce an anticlockwise, horizontal circulation that flows into the estuary in the North Channel and out of the estuary in the South Passage and North Passage, thereby intensifying saltwater intrusion in the North Channel while weakening it in the South Passage (Li, Zhu, and Wu, 2012;Wu, Zhu, and Choi, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment Transport Induced by the Advection of a Moving Salt Wedge in the Changjiang Estuary

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of Coastal Research

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Li, L.; Wu, H.; Liu, J. T., and Zhu, J., 0000. Sediment transport induced by the advection of a moving salt wedge in the Changjiang Estuary. Journal of Coastal Research, 00(0), 000-000. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.This study focused on the intratidal variations of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and residual sediment transport near a moving salt wedge in the Changjiang Estuary. The stratification was controlled by the advection of the salt wedge and was strengthened during the flood tide and weakened during the ebb tide. This phenomenon is the opposite of systems that are dominated by tidal straining of salinity, which diminishes the stratification during the flood tide and enhances it during the ebb tide. The enhanced stratification during the flood tide restricts turbulent mixing; hence, the resuspended sediment is concentrated below the pycnocline. Because of the stronger turbulent mixing during the ebb tide, the suspended sediment can be elevated to the surface, decreasing the near-bottom SSC. Such tidal asymmetries of mixing and near-bottom SSC cause the net sediment flux to be directed landward in the lower layers after a tidal cycle.ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS: Tidal asymmetry, stratification, sediment resuspension.

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Impacts of wind stress on saltwater intrusion in the Yangtze Estuary

Cited by 60 publications

References 10 publications

Suspended sediment transport in the Deepwater Navigation Channel, Yangtze River Estuary, China, in the dry season 2009: 2. Numerical simulations

Suspended sediment transport in the Deepwater Navigation Channel, Yangtze River Estuary, China, in the dry season 2009: 2. Numerical simulations

Impact of the Three Gorges Dam, the South–North Water Transfer Project and water abstractions on the duration and intensity of salt intrusions in the Yangtze River estuary

Sediment Transport Induced by the Advection of a Moving Salt Wedge in the Changjiang Estuary

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