Impacts of woodchip biochar additions on greenhouse gas production and sorption/degradation of two herbicides in a Minnesota soil

Spokas, Kurt A.; Koskinen, William C.; Baker, John M.; Reicosky, D. C.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.053

Cited by 578 publications

(291 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Numerous studies have reported a potential suppressive effect of biochar on N 2 O emissions Spokas et al, 2009;Atkinson et al, 2010;Cayuela et al, 2010;Sohi et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010b), as well as some evidence of a neutral effect (Karhu et al, 2011;Scheer et al, 2011). Reductions in soil bulk density, increased soil aeration and possible immobilization of N are among the causes for reduced N 2 O fluxes due to biochar application.…”

Section: Determining Factors and Potential Effects Of Biochar On Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This feature should be considered carefully when choosing pyrolysis conditions of biochar, since undesirable interactions with certain products (e.g. systemic pesticides) are possible, reducing the effectiveness and requiring dose adjustments, while on the other hand, biochar can be extremely useful to reduce the environmental impact of contact pesticides and for environmental remediation (Spokas et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2009). Biochar resulting from slow pyrolysis however, can immobilize metals such as Cu 2+ and others heavy metals, due its higher carboxyl content (Uchimiya et al, 2010) and the resulting metal complexation capacity.…”

Section: T E M P E R a T U R E C O N T R O L S B I O M A S S Thermo-dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Novotny

Maia

Carvalho

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

175

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Biochar (carbonized biomass for agricultural use) has been used worldwide as soil amendment and is a technology of particular interest for Brazil, since its "inspiration" is from the historical Terra Preta de Índios (Amazon Dark Earth), and also because Brazil is the world's largest charcoal producer, generating enormous residue quantities in form of fine charcoal and due to the availability of different residual biomasses, mainly from agroindustry (e.g., sugar-cane bagasse; wood and paper-mill wastes; residues from biofuel industries; sewage sludge etc), that can be used for biochar production, making Brazil a key actor in the international scenario in terms of biochar research and utilization). In the last decade, numerous studies on biochar have been carried out and now a vast literature, and excellent reviews, are available. The objective of this paper is therefore to deliver a critical review with some highlights on biochar research, rather than an exhaustive bibliographic review. To this end, some key points considered critical and relevant were selected and the pertinent literature "condensed", with a view to guide future research, rather than analyze trends of the past.

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Section: Determining Factors and Potential Effects Of Biochar On Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: T E M P E R a T U R E C O N T R O L S B I O M A S S Thermo-dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Novotny

Maia

Carvalho

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

175

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wardle et al (2008) showed greater losses of an organic horizon after the addition of char; however, other authors did, in some cases, observe a lower C emission after biochar addition to soil (Kuzyakov et al 2009;Spokas et al 2009;Liang et al 2010). Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate how status of preexisting SOM influences biochar stabilisation in soil in comparison to labile organic additions from green manure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability and stabilisation of biochar and green manure in soil with different organic carbon contents

2010

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Abstract. Due to its recalcitrance against microbial degradation, biochar is very stable in soil compared to other organic matter additions, making its application to soils a suitable approach for the build-up of soil organic carbon (SOC). The net effects of such biochar addition also depend on its interactions with existing organic matter in soils. A study was established to investigate how the status of pre-existing soil organic matter influences biochar stabilisation in soil in comparison to labile organic additions. Carbon loss was greater in the C-rich sites (C content 58.0 g C/kg) than C-poor soils (C content 21.0-24.0 g C/kg), regardless of the quality of the applied organic resource. Biochar-applied, C-rich soil showed greater C losses, by >0.5 kg/m 2 .year, than biochar-applied C-poor soil, whereas the difference was only 0.1 kg/m 2 .year with Tithonia diversifolia green manure. Biochar application reduced the rate of CO 2 -C loss by 27%, and T. diversifolia increased CO 2 -C losses by 22% in the C-poor soils. With biochar application, a greater proportion of C (6.8 times) was found in the intraaggregate fraction per unit C respired than with green manure, indicating a more efficient stabilisation in addition to the chemical recalcitrance of biochar. In SOC-poor soils, biochar application enriched aromatic-C, carboxyl-C, and traces of ketones and esters mainly in unprotected organic matter and within aggregates, as determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. In contrast, additions of T. diversifolia biomass enriched conjugated carbonyl-C such as ketones and quinones, as well as CH deformations of aliphatic-C mainly in the intra-aggregate fraction. The data indicate that not only the stability but also the stabilisation of biochar exceeds that of a labile organic matter addition such as green manure.

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“…The utilisation of biochar in such contaminated sites is suggested to be an important tool to enhance remediation by governing the mobility and fate of the pollutants as a soil amendment. It is already known that biochar reduces bioaccessibility, chemical activity and ecotoxicity of organic compounds to receptors [15,52,126,141] and reduce risk of exposure to biota. When physical entrapment occurs, the parent molecule or its metabolite becomes less bioavailable upon aging, chemical bonding (covalent) may result in indistinguishable bound residues [29,36].…”

Section: Application Of Biochar In Remediation Of Contaminated Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Biochar on Organic Contaminants in Soil: A Tool for Mitigating Risk?

Ogbonnaya

Semple

2013

Agronomy

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Abstract:The presence of biochar in soils through natural processes (forest fires, bush burning) or through application to soil (agriculture, carbon storage, remediation, waste management) has received a significant amount of scientific and regulatory attention. Biochar alters soil properties, encourages microbial activity and enhances sorption of inorganic and organic compounds, but this strongly depends on the feedstock and production process of biochar. This review considers biochar sources, the production process and result of pyrolysis, interactions of biochar with soil, and associated biota. Furthermore, the paper focuses on the interactions between biochar and common anthropogenic organic contaminants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, and dioxins, which are often deposited in the soil environment. It then considers the feasibility of applying biochar in remediation technologies in addition to other perspective areas yet to be explored.

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Impacts of woodchip biochar additions on greenhouse gas production and sorption/degradation of two herbicides in a Minnesota soil

Cited by 578 publications

References 37 publications

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Stability and stabilisation of biochar and green manure in soil with different organic carbon contents

Impact of Biochar on Organic Contaminants in Soil: A Tool for Mitigating Risk?

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