Impaired Motion Processing in Schizophrenia and the Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome: Etiological and Clinical Implications

Martı́nez, Antı́gona; Gaspar, Pablo A.; Hillyard, Steven A.; Andersen, Søren K.; López-Calderón, Javier; Corcoran, Cheryl; Javitt, Daniel C.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.18010072

Cited by 43 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Together, these results suggest that the TPJ-pSTS response to motion is abnormal in SzP. These results are in line with previous behavioral findings about reduced sensitivity to motion in general (21)(22)(23) and facial expressions and other types of biological motion more specifically (24)(25)(26). The similarity of the pattern of motion-correlated activation through the pSTS with the face-emotion localizer activity suggests that most of the motion in the movies was related to facial expression motion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Failure to engage the TPJ-pSTS during naturalistic scene processing in schizophrenia

Patel

Arkin

Ruiz-Betancourt

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Word Count: 407 words Text Body Word Count: 4182 words AbstractThe ability to search for and detect social cues, such as facial expressions of emotion, is critical to the understanding of complex dynamic social situations. This ability involves the coordinated actions of multiple cognitive domains, including face-emotion processing, mentalization, and visual attention. Individuals with schizophrenia are generally impaired in social cognition, and have been shown to have deficits in all of these domains. However, the whether the neural substrates of these impairments are shared or separate remains unclear. One candidate region for a shared substrate is the right temporoparietal junction/posterior superior temporal sulcus (TPJ-pSTS), which contains areas belonging to all of the cortical networks underlying these domains.Here we use functional MRI to examine differences in cortical activity evoked by a naturalistic movie, and link these results to impaired visual scanning and social cognition. 27 schizophrenia participants and 21 healthy controls watched a 15-minute clip of the movie "The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly" while high resolution multiband BOLD-fMRI activity was recorded. Inter-subject correlation was used to measure the evoked activity. BOLD-fMRI activity was also correlated with motion content in the movie, with the average activity in other cortical areas, and with frequency of saccades made during the movie. Visual scanning performance was measured in a separate behavioral experiment, and social cognition measured by The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT).Contrasting the groups revealed that the TPJ-pSTS has the largest engagement deficit in both cortical hemispheres in schizophrenia patients versus healthy controls. Follow-up analyses find that brain activity in this region is less correlated with the motion content of the movie, that this region is abnormally synchronized to the other cortical areas involved in the cognitive domains underlying visual scanning of social scenes, and that activity this region is less correlated with the saccades made during the movie. Lastly, schizophrenia participant visual scanning performance of this clip was impaired compared to healthy controls, and correlated across the two groups with social cognition.These results indicate that the TPJ-pSTS plays less of an integral role in the coordination of face-emotion processing, mentalization, and visual attention in schizophrenia participants versus healthy controls. This functional deficit then impacts the visual scanning of a complex dynamic visual scenes, which in turn affects the comprehension of that scene. These findings indicating that the TPJ-pSTS is potentially the shared substrate for all of these deficits will lead to new treatments targeting this region to improve social cognition in individuals with schizophrenia. Patel et al. 3

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Failure to engage the TPJ-pSTS during naturalistic scene processing in schizophrenia

Patel

Arkin

Ruiz-Betancourt

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…In sum our findings suggest that in the patients with schizophrenia the early visual perception dysfunction may play a critical role not only in the general perception of objects but also in the emotion recognition deficit. Thus, our results further support the growing evidence to the bottom-up model of disrupted cognition in schizophrenia, which indicate that early sensory deficit contribute to the impaired higher level dysfunction 14,15,33,34,38,40,82,84 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…analyzed the correlation between visual sensory function and face emotion recognition. They showed that reduced motion sensitivity correlated with impaired face-emotion recognition in patients with schizophrenia and attenuated psychosis 40 . Taken together, previous investigations indicate that altered magnocellular pathway function contribute to impaired facial affect recognition, however the exact neurobiological background is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From basic perception deficits to facial affect recognition impairments in schizophrenia

Marosi

Fodor

Csukly

2019

Sci Rep

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While impaired facial emotion recognition and magnocellular deficits in visual perception are core features of schizophrenia, their relationship is still unclear. Our aim was to analyze the oscillatory background of these processes and to investigate the connection between the magnocellular pathway deficit and the abnormal facial affect processing. Thirty-nine subjects with schizophrenia and forty socially matched healthy controls subjects were enrolled. A 128 channel EEG was recorded in three experimental tasks: first, participants viewed magnocellular biased low-spatial frequency (LSF) and parvocellular biased high-spatial frequency (HSF) Gabor-patches, then faces and houses were presented and in the third task a facial affect recognition task was presented with happy, sad and neutral faces. Event-related theta (4–7 Hz) synchronization (ERS) (i.e. an increase in theta power) by magnocellular biased stimuli was decreased in patients relative to controls, while no similar differences were found between groups in the parvocellular biased condition. ERS was significantly lower in patients compared to healthy controls both in the face and in the emotion recognition task. Theta ERS to magnocellular biased stimuli, but not to parvocellular biased stimuli, were correlated with emotion recognition performance. These findings indicate a bottom up disruption of face perception and emotion recognition in schizophrenia.

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“…Although SZ had also deficits in motion perception (Martinez et al, ), utilizing a staircase procedure to control performance accuracy for each subject, this study was able to specifically investigate the metacognitive deficit of decision uncertainty monitoring in SZ. In addition, the “decision‐redecision” paradigm in making decisions on the same problem twice in each trial could separate the neural system merely involving in the metacognitive process that merely occurred during the redecision phase from that of the decision‐making process that also occurred during the first decision‐making phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruptions of frontoparietal control network and default mode network linking the metacognitive deficits with clinical symptoms in schizophrenia

Jia

Zhu

et al. 2019

Human Brain Mapping

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The metacognitive deficit in awareness of one's own mental states is a core feature of schizophrenia (SZ). The previous studies suggested that the metacognitive deficit associates with clinical symptoms. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the relationship remain largely unknown. We here investigated the neural activities associated with the metacognitive deficit and the neural signatures associated with clinical symptoms in 38 patients with SZ using functional magnetic resonance imaging with a perceptual decision‐making task accompanied with metacognition, in comparison to 38 age, gender, and education matched healthy control subjects. The metacognitive deficit in patients with SZ was associated with reduced regional activity in both the frontoparietal control network (FPCN) and the default mode network. Critically, the anticorrelational balance between the two disrupted networks was substantially altered during metacognition, and the extent of alteration positively scaled with negative symptoms. Conversely, decoupling between the two networks was impaired when metacognitive monitoring was not required, and the strength of excessive neural activity positively scaled with positive symptoms. Thus, disruptions of the FPCN and the default mode network underlie the metacognitive deficit, and alternations of network balance between the two networks correlate with clinical symptoms in SZ. These findings implicate that rebalancing these networks holds important clinical potential in developing more efficacious therapeutic treatments.

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Impaired Motion Processing in Schizophrenia and the Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome: Etiological and Clinical Implications

Cited by 43 publications

References 40 publications

Failure to engage the TPJ-pSTS during naturalistic scene processing in schizophrenia

Failure to engage the TPJ-pSTS during naturalistic scene processing in schizophrenia

From basic perception deficits to facial affect recognition impairments in schizophrenia

Disruptions of frontoparietal control network and default mode network linking the metacognitive deficits with clinical symptoms in schizophrenia

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