Impaired Reproduction of Mallards Fed an Organic Form of Selenium

Heinz, Gary H.; Hoffman, David J.; Gold, Lyn G.

doi:10.2307/3801145

Cited by 181 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Selenium ingested in the diet is readily transmitted to developing eggs from the parent, where it can cause teratogenic deformities and embryomortality. Complete reproductive failure can occur with no observable toxic effects on the adults Woock et al, 1987;Heinz et al, 1987Heinz et al, ,1989Coyle et al, 1993). The procedure thus incorporates a sensitive indicator that reflects the mode of toxicity responsible for the most serious community-and ecosystem-level effects.…”

Section: Data Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the toxic threat of selenium to fish and aquatic birds

Lemly

1996

Environ Monit Assess

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Abstract.A procedure is given for evaluating the toxic threat of selenium to fish and wildlife. Toxic threat is expressed as hazard, and is based on the potential for food-chain bioaccumulation and reproductive impairment in fish and aquatic birds, which are the most sensitive biological responses for estimating ecosystem-level impacts of selenium contamination. Five degrees of hazard are possible depending on the expected environmental concentrations of selenium, exposure of fish and aquatic birds to toxic concentrations, and resultant potential for reproductive impairment. The degree of hazard is given a numerical score: 5 = high hazard, 4 = moderate hazard, 3 = low hazard, 2 = minimal hazard, and 1 = no identifiable hazard. A separate hazard score is given to each of five ecosystem components; water, sediments, benthic macroinvertebrates, fish eggs, and aquatic bird eggs. A final hazard characterization is determined by adding individual scores and comparing the total to the following evaluation criteria: 5 = no hazard, 6-8 = minimal hazard, 9-11 = low hazard, 12-15 = moderate hazard, 16-25 = high hazard. An example is given to illustrate how the procedure is applied to selenium data from a typical contaminant monitoring program.

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Section: Data Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the toxic threat of selenium to fish and aquatic birds

Lemly

1996

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Assuming avocets and stilts weight 166 g and 316 g, respectively (Dunning 1984) and ingest food at a rate (g/day) of , where wt is body weight , this dietary concentration con-esponds to dosages in the range of 4.9 to 23 mg/kg bw for avocets and 3.8 to 19 mg/kg bw for stilts. Heinz et al (1989) has reported adverse reproductive effects in mallards at 8 mg/kg dietary selenium as SeM. At this dietary concentration, decreased numbers of offspring and increased numbers of malformations were reported.…”

Section: C-98 Mustard Gas Aquatic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Risk Assessment for Eight Selected Study Areas. Volume II

ABINGDON¹

1996

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“…A chronic NOAEL was estimated by multiplying the subchronic NOAEL by a subchroniochronic uncertainty factor of 0.1. Food Consumption: Mallard ducks, weighing 1 kg consume 100 g foodd (Heinz et al 1989 Comments: While 0.4 mL EthanoVkg/d had no effect on most reproductive parameters, the incidence of malformed fetuses was significantly increased at this dose level. Therefore this dose was considered to be a chronic LOAEL.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic values were estimated by multiplying the subchronic NOAEL and LOAEL by a subchronicchronic uncertainty factor of 0.1. (Heinz et al 1989). Therefore, it was assumed that a 0.782 kg mallard duckling would consume 78.2 g foodd.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%