2022
DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0173
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Impaired SARS-CoV-2 Variant Neutralization and CD8+ T-cell Responses Following 3 Doses of mRNA Vaccines in Myeloma: Correlation with Breakthrough Infections

Abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) patients mount suboptimal neutralizing antibodies (nAb) following 2-doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) carry the risk of breakthrough infections. We evaluated immune recognition of current VOC including BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 in 331 racially representative MM patients following 2 or 3 doses of mRNA vaccines. Third dose increased nAbs against WA1 in 82% but against BA variants in only 33-44% of patients. Vaccine-induced nAbs correlate… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…We also evaluated cellular immunity with a novel immune repertoire profiling technique but note that it does not assess functional responses, how the results correlate with protection from severe disease is unknown, and some studies suggest that mRNA vaccines primarily induce CD4 + T-cell responses. 8 , 39 …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We also evaluated cellular immunity with a novel immune repertoire profiling technique but note that it does not assess functional responses, how the results correlate with protection from severe disease is unknown, and some studies suggest that mRNA vaccines primarily induce CD4 + T-cell responses. 8 , 39 …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The impact of these differences in immune fitness and response to immune intervention was recently illustrated in studies documenting high variance in humoral and cellular immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines in MM. 54 , 55 Variance in immune status can not only affect response to therapy but also other outcomes including overall survival and risk of infections in patients with MM.…”
Section: Immune Contributions To Myeloma Therapy and Outcomesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These features, along with early alterations in this specific B cell subset in patients developing irAEs following ICB 27 strongly support a role for these cells in the pathogenesis of irAEs. Although understudied, the proportion of these cells may also be impacted by underlying racial background, with higher proportion in Black patients 20,27 …”
Section: Role Of B Cells and T:b Cross Talk In Human Autoimmunitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although understudied, the proportion of these cells may also be impacted by underlying racial background, with higher proportion in Black patients. 20,27 The role of B cells in human autoimmunity has long been supported by the well-documented correlation between organ/ tissue-specific antibodies even in the preclinical phase and the development of specific clinical autoimmune states. In some instances, the detection of these antibodies forms a part of the diagnostic criteria for clinical autoimmunity.…”
Section: Roleofbcell Sandt:bcross Talkinh Umanautoimmunit Ymentioning
confidence: 99%