Impaired wound healing is associated with poorer mood and reduced perceived immune fitness during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A retrospective survey

Balikji, Jessica; Kiani, Pantea; Hendriksen, Pauline A.; Hoogbergen, Maarten M.; Garssen, Johan; Verster, Joris C.

doi:10.1002/hsr2.764

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Acute systemic and topical viral infections including COVID-19 and herpes are usually associated with cell injuries and wounds that persist for longer times after termination of viral replication and shedding [ 34 ]. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic is meaningfully associated with many social factors including depression that affect immune fitness [ 21 ], delaying the wound healing process [ 3 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual action of epigallocatechin-3-gallate in virus-induced cell Injury

Mostafa,

Mostafa-Hedeab,

Elhady

et al. 2023

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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Background Viral infections cause damage and long-term injury to infected human tissues, demanding therapy with antiviral and wound healing medications. Consequently, safe phytochemical molecules that may control viral infections with an ability to provide wound healing to viral-induced tissue injuries, either topically or systemically, are advantageous. Herein, we hypothesized that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant polyphenol in green tea, might be effective as a wound healing, antiviral, and antifibrotic therapy. Results The antiviral activities of EGCG against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) as well as its wound healing activities against different monolayer tissue (continuous and primary) systems were investigated. Consider its possible wound-healing advantages as well. To determine the safe concentrations of EGCG in green monkey kidney (Vero) and Vero-E6 cell lines, MTT assay was performed and showed high CC50 values of 405.1 and 322.9 μM, respectively. The antiviral activities of EGCG against SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-2, measured as half-maximal concentration 50 (IC50) concentrations, were 36.28 and 59.88 μM, respectively. These results confirm that the EGCG has remarkable viral inhibitory activities and could successfully suppress the replication of SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-2 in vitro with acceptable selectivity indices (SI) of 11.16 and 5.39, respectively. In parallel, the EGCG exhibits significant and dose/time-dependent anti-migration effects in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), its resistant variation (MCF-7adr), and human skin fibroblast (HSF) indicating their potential to heal injuries in different internal and topical mammalian systems. Conclusions The EGCG has proven to be an efficient antiviral against SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-2, as well as a wound-healing phytochemical. We assume that EGCG may be a promising option for slowing the course of acute cellular damage induced by systemic (Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)) or topical (HSV-2) viral infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual action of epigallocatechin-3-gallate in virus-induced cell Injury

Mostafa,

Mostafa-Hedeab,

Elhady

et al. 2023

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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“…The COVID-19 restrictions also limited the care of wound patients [10,11]. Outpatient wound clinics across Germany were closed for several weeks at the beginning of the pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research conducted before the pandemic among the same age group in The Netherlands revealed that, compared to healthy controls, young adults with self-reported impaired wound healing reported poorer mood [17], poorer sleep [18], lower quality of life [17], impaired attention and increased impulsivity [19], and a poorer immune fitness [20]. One study revealed that during the pandemic, significant lockdown effects were evident for both healthy controls and the group with self-reported impaired wound healing [11]. However, the negative effects on mood and immune fitness were significantly more pronounced among the impaired wound-healing group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdowns in Germany on Mood, Attention Control, Immune Fitness, and Quality of Life of Young Adults with Self-Reported Impaired Wound Healing

Balikji

Koyun

Hendriksen

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Previous studies in Dutch young adults revealed that individuals with self-reported impaired wound healing reported poorer mood, increased inattention and impulsivity, poorer quality of life, and poorer immune fitness compared to healthy controls. Another study revealed that the negative impact of lockdowns during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic was significantly more profound among the impaired wound healing group than the control group. The purpose of the current study was to replicate and extend these findings among young adults living in Germany. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional survey was conducted among N = 317 young adults living in Germany, 18–35 years old. They were allocated to the IWH group (N = 66) or the control group (N-251). Participants completed the Attention Control Scale, and mood, quality of life, and immune fitness were assessed with single-item ratings. All assessments were made for (1) the period before the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) the first lockdown period, March–May 2020, (3) the first no-lockdown period, summer 2020, (4) the second lockdown, November 2020 to May 2021, and (5) the second no-lockdown period, summer 2021. Results: The impaired wound healing group reported significantly poorer mood, quality of life, and immune fitness. The effects were evident before the pandemic. The impaired wound healing group scored significantly poorer on attention focusing, but no significant differences between the groups were found for attention shifting. During the pandemic, negative lockdown effects (i.e., further aggravation of mood and immune fitness and lower quality of life) were evident in both groups but significantly more profound in the impaired wound healing group. No differences between the groups were found for the no-lockdown periods. Conclusion: Individuals with self-reported impaired wound healing have significantly poorer mood, attention focusing, and immune fitness and report a poorer quality of life than healthy controls. The impact of COVID-19 lockdowns was significantly more profound in the impaired wound-healing group.

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“…A systematic review and meta-analysis of 634,338 COVID-19 patients revealed that having mental disorders was also associated with an unfavorable disease course once infected with SARS-CoV-2, including greater symptom severity and increased mortality rates [31]. A recent study demonstrated this difference by comparing individuals with and without self-reported impaired wound healing (e.g., slow-healing wounds and infections) (See Figure 4) [32]. Previous studies showed that impaired wound healing was associated with a poorer mood and quality of life [33], poorer immune fitness and experiencing more immune-related complaints [34], and various negative health consequences, such as poorer sleep quality [35] and experiencing more gastrointestinal complaints [36].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each time period, significant (p < 0.0167) differences between individuals with impaired wound healing (striped bars) and individuals without impaired wound healing (white bars) are indicated with *. Data from references [10,32]. Permission to use the background image was obtained from Depositphotos.…”

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confidence: 99%