Impairment of aversive episodic memories during Covid-19 pandemic: The impact of emotional context on memory processes

Sofía, Leon Candela; Bonilla, M.; Facundo, Urreta Benítez; Ignacio, Brusco Luis; Wang, Jingyi; Forcato, Cecilia

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107575

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Nevertheless, we did observe significant differences in anxiety and depression scores between young and older adults, with young adults obtaining the highest scores. These findings are in line with previous studies indicating that young adults were more affected by the Covid-19 isolation measures, resulting in higher levels of anxiety and depression compared to older adults ( Sher, 2020 ; Solomou and Constantinidou, 2020 ; Etchevers et al, 2021 ; Nelson and Bergeman, 2021 ; Varma et al, 2021 ; Bonilla et al, 2022 ; Leon et al, 2022 ). Regarding PSQI scores, while older adults had higher scores on day 1, this could be attributed to normal changes in sleep patterns associated with aging ( Ohayon et al, 2004 ; Li et al, 2018 ; Pace-Schott and Spencer, 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In relation to that, in the present study we found a significant negative correlation between anxiety and depression scores and the percentage of correct responses on free recall for both groups. These correlations are in line with previous studies showing that the higher scores at anxiety and depression tests, the worse memory performance ( Airaksinen et al, 2005 ; Bolton and Robinson, 2017 ; Leon et al, 2022 ). In line with this, the free recall process is usually mostly affected than recognition in what is included the so-called memory cues.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In the last years, due to Covid-19 pandemic, there was an increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as a reduction of the sleep quality throughout the population, especially in young adults ( Sher, 2020 ; Solomou and Constantinidou, 2020 ; Etchevers et al, 2021 ; Nelson and Bergeman, 2021 ; Varma et al, 2021 ; Bonilla et al, 2022 ; Leon et al, 2022 ). Moreover, regarding sleep quality and quarantine effects, it was found that people who experienced reduced sleep time, and those who had delayed sleep time, had clinically important worsening on measures of stress and anxiety ( Robillard et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the context of the pandemic directly impacted memory processes. It was found that encoding of episodic emotional content was impaired in young adults, and that the higher levels of anxiety worsened the encoding of emotional episodic information ( Leon et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One-week sleep hygiene education improves episodic memory in young but not in older adults during social isolation

Tassone,

Moyano,

Laiño

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

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Memory formation is a dynamic process that comprises different phases, such as encoding, consolidation and retrieval. It could be altered by several factors such as sleep quality, anxiety, and depression levels. In the last years, due to COVID-19 pandemic, there was a reduction in sleep quality, an increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as an impairment in emotional episodic memory encoding, especially in young adults. Taking into account the profound impact of sleep quality in daily life a series of rules has been developed that are conducive to consistently achieving good sleep, known as sleep hygiene education. These interventions have been shown to be effective in improving sleep quality and duration and reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms. Here we propose the implementation of a brief sleep hygiene education to improve sleep quality and memory performance as well as to diminish anxiety and depressive scores. For that, participants were divided into two groups: Sleep hygiene education and control group. After that, they were evaluated for anxiety, depression, and sleep quality levels and trained on an episodic memory task. They were tested immediately after (short-term test) and also 1 week later (long-term test). This procedure was also performed before the sleep hygiene education and was taken as baseline level. We found that episodic memory performance for young adults improved for the SHE group after intervention but not for older adults, and no improvements in emotional variables were observed. Despite not observing a significant effect of the intervention for young and older adults regarding the sleep quality scores, we consider that there may be an improvement in sleep physiology that is not subjectively perceived, but would also have a positive impact on memory processes. These results show that even a sleep hygiene education of 1 week could improve cognition in young adults when acute memory and sleep impairment occurs, in this case, due to the isolation by COVID-19 pandemic. However, we suggest that longer interventions should be implemented for older adults who already experience a natural decline in cognitive processes such as episodic memory formation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

One-week sleep hygiene education improves episodic memory in young but not in older adults during social isolation

Tassone,

Moyano,

Laiño

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

Self Cite

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“…Preventive isolation increased levels of stress, anxiety and depression significantly in the population [ 24 ]. Considering that an increase in the values of negative mental symptoms such as anxiety and depression, can modulate the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories [ 25 – 29 ], we evaluated psychological variables using Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II [ 30 ]) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI [ 31 ]). Thus, we corroborate that all groups had the same level of anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-linear susceptibility to interferences in declarative memory formation

et al. 2022

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After encoding, memories go through a labile state followed by a stabilization process known as consolidation. Once consolidated they can enter a new labile state after the presentation of a reminder of the original memory, followed by a period of re-stabilization (reconsolidation). During these periods of lability the memory traces can be modified. Currently, some studies show a rapid stabilization after 30 min, while others show that stabilization occurs after longer periods (e.g. > 6 h). Here we investigate the effect of an interference treatment on declarative memory consolidation, comparing distinct time intervals after acquisition. On day 1, participants learned a list of non- syllable pairs (List 1). 5 min, 30 min, 3 h or 8 h later, they received an interference list (List 2) that acted as an amnesic agent. On day 2 (48 h after training) participants had to recall List 1 first, followed by List 2. We found that the List 1 memory was susceptible to interference when List 2 was administered 5 min or 3 h after learning but not when it was administered 30 min or 8 h after. We propose the possibility that this rapid memory protection could be induced by a fast and transient neocortical integration. Our results open a discussion about the contribution of molecular and systemic aspects to memory consolidation.

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The flashbulb-like nature of memory for the first COVID-19 case and the impact of the emergency. A cross-national survey

Lanciano,

Alfeo,

Curci

et al. 2024

Memory

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Impairment of aversive episodic memories during Covid-19 pandemic: The impact of emotional context on memory processes

Cited by 5 publications

References 97 publications

One-week sleep hygiene education improves episodic memory in young but not in older adults during social isolation

One-week sleep hygiene education improves episodic memory in young but not in older adults during social isolation

Non-linear susceptibility to interferences in declarative memory formation

The flashbulb-like nature of memory for the first COVID-19 case and the impact of the emergency. A cross-national survey

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