Impairment of IL-12-Dependent STAT4 Nuclear Translocation in a Patient with Recurrent Mycobacterium avium Infection

Abstract

We examined the immunological abnormality in a patient with recurrent Mycobacterium avium infection. T cells from the patient showed decreased ability both to produce IFN-γ and to proliferate in response to IL-12. Despite decreased expression of IL-12R β1 and β2 chains in the patient’s PHA-activated T cells, there was no difference in IL-12-induced tyrosine and serine phosphorylation of STAT4 in PHA-activated T cells between the patient and healthy subjects, suggesting that IL-12R signals are transmitted to STAT4 in the patient’s PHA-activated T cells. Using EMSA, confocal laser microscopy, and Western blotting, we demonstrated that the nuclear translocation of STAT4 in response to IL-12 is reduced in PHA-activated T cells from the patient when compared with those from healthy subjects. Leptomycin B was used to examine whether nuclear export of STAT4 is increased in the patient’s T cells. However, leptomycin B treatment did not reverse impaired IL-12-induced nuclear accumulation of STAT4. Although the exact mechanism responsible for the impaired STAT4 nuclear translocation in this patient remains unclear, the absence of mutation in the IL-12Rβ1, IL-12Rβ2, STAT4, and STAT4-binding sequence of the IFN-γ gene and preservation of STAT4 tyrosine and serine phosphorylation suggest the existence of a defective STAT4 nuclear translocation. This defect is likely responsible for the impaired STAT4 nuclear translocation in IL-12-stimulated T cells, leading to impairment of both IFN-γ production and cell proliferation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with atypical mycobacterial infection associated with impairment of STAT4 nuclear translocation.

STAT4 Expression in Human T Cells Is Regulated by DNA Methylation but Not by Promoter Polymorphism

“…A previous work failed to find any association between STAT4 mutations/polymorphisms and immune diseases such as allergy and asthma (34). Similarly, we found no evidence of polymorphisms in the STAT4 promoter in patients who have asthma or RA, except for a single silent polymorphism in the proximal regulatory elements of the core promoter.…”

Turning off signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT): The negative regulation of STAT signaling

“…163 In addition, both LMB-sensitive and LMB-insensitive nuclear export exists for STAT1 and STAT4. 162,166 …”

STATs get their move on

“…[75][76][77] A study directed at identifying domains of STAT4 required for nuclear import evaluated the localization of STAT4-GFP.…”