Impairment of Social Perception Associated With Lesions of the Prefrontal Cortex

Mah, Linda; Arnold, Mark; Grafman, Jordan

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.7.1247

Cited by 155 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…These regions may represent a functional circuit recruited during social judgements of a more cognitive and less affective nature. Lesions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex have been shown to result in impairments in the ability of subjects to use social cues to make interpersonal judgements, supporting a functional role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in some forms of social decision making (Mah et al 2004). Activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and caudate nucleus may also relate to the overall cognitive load, as the RT data indicate that the intelligence judgement task is more cognitively demanding than the approachability task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A common neural system mediating two different forms of social judgement

et al. 2009

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Background. A wide range of neuropsychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), are associated with impairments in social function. Previous studies have shown that individuals with schizophrenia and ASD have deficits in making a wide range of social judgements from faces, including decisions related to threat (such as judgements of approachability) and decisions not related to physical threat (such as judgements of intelligence). We have investigated healthy control participants to see whether there is a common neural system activated during such social decisions, on the basis that deficits in this system may contribute to the impairments seen in these disorders.Method. We investigated the neural basis of social decision making during judgements of approachability and intelligence from faces in 24 healthy participants using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We used conjunction analysis to identify common brain regions activated during both tasks.Results. Activation of the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, inferior prefrontal cortex and cerebellum was seen during performance of both social tasks, compared to simple gender judgements from the same stimuli. Task-specific activations were present in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the intelligence task and in the inferior and middle temporal cortex in the approachability task.Conclusions. The present study identified a common network of brain regions activated during the performance of two different forms of social judgement from faces. Dysfunction of this network is likely to contribute to the broad-ranging deficits in social function seen in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and ASD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A common neural system mediating two different forms of social judgement

et al. 2009

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“…Patients were observed to become less respectful of social normality as well as exhibiting impairments of concentration, initiative, spontaneity, and abstract reasoning (Dolan, 2007). More recent studies of patients with discrete prefrontal cortical lesions have also shown impaired behavioural responses to certain hierarchies (Karafin et al, 2004), a deficit in social perception (Mah et al, 2004), defective social decision-making (Eslinger and Damasio, 1985;Barrash et al, 2000) and impaired social reasoning in response to authority and punishment (Anderson et al, 1999 social alliance conditions were also associated with activation of bilateral fusiform gyri and widespread posterior cortical regions including lingual gyrus. The latter finding suggests that a broader network of brain regions, both 'higher' and 'lower', rostral and caudal, is activated in concert when more complex processing is required (e.g., judging hierarchical status elicits more from the network than a more superficial judgment, such as 'who is older?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher or lower? The functional anatomy of perceived allocentric social hierarchies

et al. 2011

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“…The anterior cingulate and ventromedial, orbital, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are other brain structures that appear to play an important role in other aspects of social cognition, such as the understanding of other's mental statues (i.e., theory of mind) and emotional regulation (Allman, Hakeem, Erwin, Nimchinsky, & Hof, 2001;Amodio & Frith, 2006;S. Anderson, Bechara, Damasio, Tranel, & Damasio, 1999;Bechara, Damasio, & Damasio, 2000;Frith & Frith, 2001;Gallagher & Frith, 2003;Goel, Grafman, Sadato, & Hallett, 1995;Grattan & Eslinger, 1989;Mah, Arnold, & Grafman, 2004;Siegal & Varley, 2002). Figure 2 portrays the various brain regions that have been implicated in social cognition and behavior, and Table 1 summarizes some of the links between those regions and specific socialcognitive and affective processes that have been the focus of research to date.…”

Section: The Emerging Discipline Of Social Cognitive Neurosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Social outcomes in childhood brain disorder: A heuristic integration of social neuroscience and developmental psychology.

Yeates

Bigler

Dennis

et al. 2007

Psychological Bulletin

392

400

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The authors propose a heuristic model of the social outcomes of childhood brain disorder that draws on models and methods from both the emerging field of social cognitive neuroscience and the study of social competence in developmental psychology/psychopathology. The heuristic model characterizes the relationships between social adjustment, peer interactions and relationships, social problem solving and communication, social-affective and cognitive-executive processes, and their neural substrates. The model is illustrated by research on a specific form of childhood brain disorder, traumatic brain injury. The heuristic model may promote research regarding the neural and cognitiveaffective substrates of children's social development. It also may engender more precise methods of measuring impairments and disabilities in children with brain disorder and suggest ways to promote their social adaptation. Surprisingly little is known about the extent, basis, and consequences of the social problems associated with neurological dys-function and brain insults occurring during childhood, despite the significant long-term implications of social development for children's functioning at home, in school, and in the community (Parker, Rubin, Erath, Wojslawowicz, & Buskirk, 2006;Rubin, Bukowski, & Parker, 2006). Until recently, the lack of measurement tools and articulated models of social functioning has limited our ability to address social outcomes in children with brain disorder. The development of more sensitive measures and explicit models of social functioning would help researchers and clinicians to target children with brain disorders for further study and intervention.Now is an excellent time to consider social outcomes in children with brain disorder. The emerging field of social cognitive neuroscience provides a critical perspective on the social impact of childhood brain disorder. Social neuroscience not only supplies tools needed to better understand the neural substrates and social-cognitive processes associated with social functioning, but also provides a foundation for a multilevel, integrative analysis of the social difficulties arising from neurological insults (Brothers, 1990;Cacioppo, Berntson, Sheridan, & McClintock, 2000;Moss & Damasio, 2001;Ochsner & Lieberman, 2001;Posner, Rothbart, & Gerardi-Caulton, 2001). Although social neuroscience to date has focused primarily on adults, in part because of the inability to study the developing brain in vivo, this no longer need be the case. With contemporary neuroimaging, various elegant methods are available that can inform researchers about brain development and neuropathology in the study of social behavior in children with brain disorder (Toga & Thompson, 2005).The methods and models derived from social neuroscience will be particularly powerful when combined with those associated with the study of social competence in developmental psychology and developmental psychopathology Rubin, Bukowski, & Parker, 2006). The latter approaches reflect a development...

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Impairment of Social Perception Associated With Lesions of the Prefrontal Cortex

Cited by 155 publications

References 55 publications

A common neural system mediating two different forms of social judgement

A common neural system mediating two different forms of social judgement

Higher or lower? The functional anatomy of perceived allocentric social hierarchies

Social outcomes in childhood brain disorder: A heuristic integration of social neuroscience and developmental psychology.

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