Impairments of social behavior and memory after neonatal gastrin-releasing peptide receptor blockade in rats: Implications for an animal model of neurodevelopmental disorders

International Union of Pharmacology. LXVIII. Mammalian Bombesin Receptors: Nomenclature, Distribution, Pharmacology, Signaling, and Functions in Normal and Disease States

“…Numerous studies in rodents provide evidence that GRP/BB 2 receptor activation is important for memory as well as for a number of social behaviors (learning, grooming, and stereotypy) (Roesler et al, 2006a,b). These results were supported by a recent study (Presti-Torres et al, 2007) in which the administration of BB 2 -receptor antagonists in neonatal rats resulted in marked impairment of memory, and social interaction. These changes have led one group (Roesler et al, 2006a) to propose that the BB 2 receptor should be consider a therapeutic target in a subset of human CNS diseases, especially those involving memory, learning, and fear.…”

“…BB 2 receptors are reported to be important for fetal lung development including lung branching, cell proliferation, and differentiation (Subramaniam et al, 2003) as well as in a number of lung diseases, which will be discussed in section IV.I. BB 2 receptors are widely expressed in the CNS and in the spinal cord, and numerous central effects have been described with their activation including effects on satiety, regulation of circadian rhythm, thermoregulation, grooming behaviors, modulation of stress, fear, and anxiety response, memory, and gastrointestinal function such as acid secretion (Martinez and Tache, 2000;Yegen, 2003;Moody and Merali, 2004;Karatsoreos et al, 2006;Roesler et al, 2006a,b;Kallingal and Mintz, 2007;Presti-Torres et al, 2007). The satiety effect of BB 2 receptors has been extensively studied (Gibbs et al, 1979;Gibbs and Smith, 1988;Flynn, 1997;Fekete et al, 2007;Ladenheim and Knipp, 2007).…”

Bombesin-related peptides and their receptors: recent advances in their role in physiology and disease states

“…Numerous studies in rodents provide evidence that GRP/ BB 2 -receptor activation is important for memory as well as a number of social behaviors (learning, grooming, stereotypy) [22•,33]. These results were supported by a recent study [34] in which the administration of BB 2 -receptor antagonists in neonatal rats resulted in marked impairment of memory, and social interaction. These changes have led one group [22•] to propose that the BB 2 -receptor should be consider a therapeutic target in a subset of human CNS diseases, especially those involving memory, learning and fear.…”

A Stress-Related Peptide Bombesin Centrally Induces Frequent Urination through Brain Bombesin Receptor Types 1 and 2 in the Rat

“…A third mammalian bombesin receptor (type 3) is also reported, but its native ligands are unknown to date (see the review by Jensen et al, 2008). Bombesin-like peptides have a wide range of central functions, including learning and memory (Shumyatsky et al, 2002;Presti-Torres et al, 2007;Roesler et al, 2012), thermoregulation (Tsushima et al, 2003), regulation of anxiety and fear response (Merali et al, 2006(Merali et al, , 2013Bédard et al, 2007), and regulation of food intake (Ladenheim and Knipp, 2007), in addition to regulation of stress responses (Merali et al, 2002;Roesler et al, 2014). For instance, in rodent models, exposure to acute stress, such as a restraint and an aversive stimulus, increases immunoreactivity and in vivo release of bombesinlike peptides in the brain Merali et al, 1998Merali et al, , 2008, and BB receptor antagonists show anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus maze test and attenuating effects on fearpotentiated startle responses (Merali et al, 2006;Bédard et al, 2007).…”