Impedance Spectroscopy Based on Linear System Identification

Ivanisevic, Nikola; Rodriguez, Saul; Rusu, Ana

doi:10.1109/tbcas.2019.2900584

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Low-cost implementations use MCU internal SAR ADCs [157,292,300,301,304] in most cases. For more performant systems, with an accuracy of >12 bit, standalone SAR or delta-sigma ADCs are employed typically [296,299,[311][312][313].…”

Section: Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Review of Intelligent Battery Systems: Challenges, Implementation, and Potential for Electric Vehicles

et al. 2021

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This review provides an overview of new strategies to address the current challenges of automotive battery systems: Intelligent Battery Systems. They have the potential to make battery systems more performant and future-proof for coming generations of electric vehicles. The essential features of Intelligent Battery Systems are the accurate and robust determination of cell individual states and the ability to control the current of each cell by reconfiguration. They enable high-level functions like fault diagnostics, multi-objective balancing strategies, multilevel inverters, and hybrid energy storage systems. State of the art and recent advances in these topics are compiled and critically discussed in this article. A comprising, critical discussion of the implementation aspects of Intelligent Battery Systems complements the review. We touch on sensing, battery topologies and management, switching elements, communication architecture, and impact on the single-cell. This review contributes to transferring the best technologies from research to product development.

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Section: Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Review of Intelligent Battery Systems: Challenges, Implementation, and Potential for Electric Vehicles

et al. 2021

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“…In this approach, the measurement of the bioimpedance is treated as an optimization problem based on adaptive filtering, which is solved by finding the minimum of a cost function [218]. The cost function is defined as the least square error between the response of a model and the measured bioimpedance.…”

Section: ) Linear System Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cost function is defined as the least square error between the response of a model and the measured bioimpedance. Its minimum represents the optimal filter coefficients, which correspond to an equivalent bioimpedance transfer function [218].…”

Section: ) Linear System Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioimpedance Sensors: A Tutorial

Kassanos

2021

IEEE Sensors J.

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Electrical bioimpedance entails the measurement of the electrical properties of tissues as a function of frequency. It is thus a spectroscopic technique. It has been applied in a plethora of biomedical applications for diagnostic and monitoring purposes. In this tutorial, the basics of electrical bioimpedance sensor design will be discussed. The electrode/electrolyte interface is thoroughly described, as well as methods for its modelling with equivalent circuits and computational tools. The design optimization and modelling of bipolar and tetrapolar bioimpedance sensors is presented in detail, based on the sensitivity theorem. Analytical and numerical modelling approaches for electric field simulations based on conformal mapping, point electrode approximations and the finite element method (FEM) are also elaborated. Finally, current trends on bioimpedance sensors are discussed followed by an overview of instrumentation methods for bioimpedance measurements, covering aspects of voltage signal excitations, current sources, voltage measurement front-end topologies and methods for computing the electrical impedance.

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“…PRBS-based IS technique mostly relies on digital processing; thus, the digital platform and the digital algorithms deserve the same attention as the AFE. This topic is not well covered in the literature since the implementation of the digital processing is usually referred to as a-posteriori implementations on general FPGA/DSP/microprocessor platform without no details on the power consumption [14], [15], [29], [33]- [38].…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Efficient PRBS Impedance Spectroscopy on a Digital Versatile Platform

Luciani

Crescentini

Romani

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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This paper presents the digital design of a versatile and low-power broadband impedance spectroscopy (IS) system based on pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) excitation. The PRBS technique allows fast, and low-power estimation of the impedance spectrum over a wide bandwidth with adequate accuracy, proving to be a good candidate for portable medical devices, especially. This paper covers the low-power design of the firmware algorithms and implements them on a versatile and reconfigurable digital platform that can be easily adjusted to the specific application. It will analyze the digital platform with the aim of reducing power consumption while maintaining adequate accuracy of the estimated spectrum. The paper studies two main algorithms (time-domain and frequency-domain) used for PRBSbased IS and implements both of them on the ultra-low-power GAP-8 digital platform. They are compared in terms of accuracy, measurement time, and power budget, while general design tradeoffs are drawn out. The time-domain algorithm demonstrated the best accuracy while the frequency-domain one contributes more to save power and energy. However, analysis of the energy-per-error FOM revealed that the time-domain algorithm outperforms the frequency-domain algorithm offering better accuracy for the same energy consumption. Numerical methods and microprocessor resources are exploited to optimize the implementation of both algorithms achieving 27 ms in processing time, power consumption as low as 1.4 mW and a minimum energy consumption per measurement of 0.5 mJ, for a dense impedance spectrum estimation of 214 points.

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Impedance Spectroscopy Based on Linear System Identification

Abstract: This is the accepted version of a paper published in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems. This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proof-corrections or journal pagination.

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Critical Review of Intelligent Battery Systems: Challenges, Implementation, and Potential for Electric Vehicles

Critical Review of Intelligent Battery Systems: Challenges, Implementation, and Potential for Electric Vehicles

Bioimpedance Sensors: A Tutorial

Energy-Efficient PRBS Impedance Spectroscopy on a Digital Versatile Platform

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