Impeding Virulence of Candida albicans by Candesartan and Domperidone

Abbas, Hisham A.; Gad, Amany I.; El-Sayed, Mostafa A.; El-Ganiny, Amira M.

doi:10.1007/s00284-021-02663-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Thus, the repurposing of the drugs as the FDA-approved ones as it saves the costs and shortens the long time needed for the development of new antimicrobials [68]. This concept has been applied recently in many studies [59,64,[69][70][71][72][73][74].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in our study, the FDA-approved drugs as diclofenac sodium, domperidone, GTN and metformin were investigated for their EPI activities against S. aureus at their 1/8 MICs. Similarly, many previous studies have used the 1/4 or 1/8 of the MIC of the tested compounds [59,64,[72][73][74]. Due to the use of 1/8 MIC of the tested compounds that had no effect on the bacterial growth, the possibility of the emergence of resistant mutants is much less than that in case of antibiotics that exert a stress on the bacterial growth.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Promising FDA-approved drugs with efflux pump inhibitory activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2022

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Background and objectives Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes wide range of nosocomial and community-acquired infections which have spread worldwide leading to an urgent need for developing effective anti-staphylococcal agents. Efflux is an important resistance mechanism that bacteria used to fight the antimicrobial action. This study aimed to investigate the efflux mechanism in S. aureus and assess diclofenac, domperidone, glyceryl trinitrate and metformin as potential efflux pump inhibitors that can be used in combination with antibiotics for treating topical infections caused by S. aureus. Materials and methods Efflux was detected qualitatively by the ethidium bromide Cart-Wheel method followed by investigating the presence of efflux genes by polymerase chain reaction. Twenty-six isolates were selected for further investigation of efflux by Cart-Wheel method in absence and presence of tested compounds followed by quantitative efflux assay. Furthermore, antibiotics minimum inhibitory concentrations in absence and presence of tested compounds were determined. The effects of tested drugs on expression levels of efflux genes norA, fexA and tetK were determined by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction. Results Efflux was found in 65.3% of isolates, the prevalence of norA, tetK, fexA and msrA genes were 91.7%, 77.8%, 27.8% and 6.9%. Efflux assay revealed that tested drugs had potential efflux inhibitory activities, reduced the antibiotic’s MICs and significantly decreased the relative expression of efflux genes. Conclusion Diclofenac sodium, domperidone and glyceryl trinitrate showed higher efflux inhibitory activities than verapamil and metformin. To our knowledge, this is the first report that shows that diclofenac sodium, glyceryl trinitrate and domperidone have efflux pump inhibitory activities against S. aureus.

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