Impeller geometry definition of the transventricular assist device

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death worldwide, except in Africa. 1 It is estimated that 17.5 million people died of CVDs in 2012, which is 31% of all global deaths. 2,3 In this scenario, the ventricular assist device (VAD) remains as the unique alternative to extend the patient life until the heart transplantation and is also a viable treatment for end-stage heart failure. 4 VADs can be pulsatile or nonpulsatile with centrifugal or axial flow. The axial blood pump can also be classified according to the surgical procedure to implant it: transcatheter (TC), open heart surgery (OHS), and minimally invasive surgery (MIS). In the TC, the axial flow pump assembly is inserted through the femoral artery and positioned, for example, in the ascending aorta, in order to accelerate blood and increase blood flow. In the open-heart surgery (OHS), the surgeon makes a large incision in the chest, opens the rib cage and operates the heart. Then, the blood pump is directly implanted on the ventricle or connected to the ventricle through a cannula. MIS is an alternative to the OHS. Here, a surgeon may perform the procedure by using laparoscopes through very small incisions. Table 1 shows some well-known models of axial VADs currently in use or in development, together with some parameters. Recently, HeartWare announced the development of the Longhorn, a new axial flow VAD that now is in the preclinical testing stage. The device requires minimal surgical access for transmyocardial implantation and no anastomosis

Latin American Society for Artificial Organs, Biomaterials, and Tissue Engineering: Update 2020

“…This device can be surgically implanted through a small left intercostal incision in a minimally invasive manner. 2 An article by de Souza et al presents the design strategy for development of a customized ventricular assist device electromagnetic actuator. 3 Leao and colleagues developed a control system/ algorithm consisting of a control system that harmoniously adjusts pump speed without additional sensors, considering the patient's clinical condition and physical activity.…”

“…de Andrade and colleagues analyze impeller geometries of the transventricular assist device to avoid high shear stresses in the fluid. This device can be surgically implanted through a small left intercostal incision in a minimally invasive manner 2 . An article by de Souza et al presents the design strategy for development of a customized ventricular assist device electromagnetic actuator 3 .…”