Implant Coatings and Its Application in Clinical Reality

Abstract

Even though dental implants are highly successful, there are still clinical situations where new developments in implant coatings could improve implant stabilization, bone formation, and long-term implant performance. Signifi cant improvements were obtained when the surface topography of the implants were changed from smooth to a moderately rough surface, and in the future we expect that inorganic or organic nanocoatings could improve the clinical outcome also in compromised bone sites. Various bioactive coatings have been tested in vitro and in vivo, and the biological knowledge increases, but still no evidence exist that nanocoatings are able to signifi cantly improve clinical outcome.

Effect of cathodic polarization on coating doxycycline on titanium surfaces

“…40 Surface functionalization using biologically active substances to influence the microenvironment around the dental implant with the aim to enhance interfacial healing processes and to prevent bacterial colonization represents a promising route to achieve improved implantation outcome, particularly in the compromised patient. This perception is reflected in the vast amount of ongoing research in this field, [79][80][173][174] and was the underlying motivation for the present thesis.…”

“…The lack of sufficient bone quantity or quality to achieve implant stability represents one of the major drawbacks in modern implant therapy. 6,80 Moreover, bacterial colonization and subsequent biofilm formation remain problematic for establishing and maintaining osseointegration. 40 Surface functionalization using biologically active substances to influence the microenvironment around the dental implant with the aim to enhance interfacial healing processes and to prevent bacterial colonization represents a promising route to achieve improved implantation outcome, particularly in the compromised patient.…”

“…79 Potential candidates for such biomolecular coatings are for example extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors, short peptides, or antimicrobial agents. [79][80] Extracellular matrix proteins are involved in diverse processes with respect to cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. 79,[81][82][83] In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that implant surfaces functionalized with these proteins can have a positive influence on bone regeneration around the implant.…”

Customized Therapeutic Surface Coatings for Dental Implants

“…To accelerate the osseointegration, the contact osteogenesis is largely dependent upon the modification of implant coating surfaces [115,165]. Therefore, several techniques have been reported regarding implant surface modification at submicron (1-10 micron)-level topographical modification and the addition of nanotechnological chemical features to the implant surface [165]. The fundamental coating principle of commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) implant modification was intended to improve the early biological response (growth factors release from the bone matrix) to dental implants that commenced at the surgical osteotomy sites [166].…”

“…It is believed that the chemical and physical nature of the implant coating surface improves the quality and speed of the The influence of surface roughness, topographic characteristics, and wetting behavior of submicronand nanocoatings on the differentiation of cells and tissues around dental implants is well-documented. To accelerate the osseointegration, the contact osteogenesis is largely dependent upon the modification of implant coating surfaces [115,165]. Therefore, several techniques have been reported regarding implant surface modification at submicron (1-10 micron)-level topographical modification and the addition of nanotechnological chemical features to the implant surface [165].…”