Implantation of neuronal suspensions into contusive injury sites in the adult rat spinal cord

Hoovler, Dennis W.; Wrathall, Jean R.

doi:10.1007/bf00305872

Cited by 23 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The native cells transplanted include nonglial cells such as neurons [128,129] and fibroblasts [130], and glial cells such as astrocytes [131,132], oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells [133,134], olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) [135,136], and macrophages or microglia [137][138][139]. Some of these experimental transplant strategies have begun to be tested in Phase 1 trials in humans with spinal cord injury and include autologous activated macrophages (http://www.proneuron.…”

Section: Cell and Tissue Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotection and Regeneration Strategies for Spinal Cord Repair

Tsai

Tator

2005

CPD

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The journey toward a cure for spinal cord injury (SCI) has taken many paths. In this article, we review these paths, and highlight the clinical applications of these experimental repair strategies. Initial strategies involved attempts at neuroprotection with steroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs. Other anti-ischemia treatments, agents to eliminate the damage from excitotoxicity, and anti-apoptotic agents were also tried. Another avenue involved enhancing the function of the remaining uninjured axons by measures to produce remyelination and medications to improve axonal conduction. In the last two decades there has been a major effort to enhance spinal cord axonal regeneration through a variety of techniques including neutralization of neurite inhibition, administration of neurotrophic factors, implantation of synthetic channels, and transplantation of a variety of cell types. Indeed, several of these strategies have been so promising in animals that clinicians have been stimulated to explore their potential human application. We also examine the different experimental models of SCI used to assess repair, and discuss how the injury model impacts on the assessment of axonal regeneration and functional recovery after SCI. The mechanisms of recovery that may be involved after SCI will be analyzed, and their relevance toward finding a cure for human SCI. Unfortunately, the goal of producing significant functional regeneration of the human spinal cord has not yet been achieved despite the many strategies that have been developed. It is our hope that improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying functional recovery will lead to successful therapeutic strategies in humans.

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Section: Cell and Tissue Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotection and Regeneration Strategies for Spinal Cord Repair

Tsai

Tator

2005

CPD

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“…INTRODUCTION more sensitive in cases for which the animal is capable of hindlimb weight support at the tested end-point, and Several tests have previously been formulated to where, after therapeutic treatment, animals with poorly assess the locomotor function of rats after spinal cord organized, awkward gait are compared to those with more injury (SCI; Keresides et al, 1987;Somerson and Stokes, coordinated gait (Hoovler and Wrathall, 1991;Narayana 1987;Behrmannetal., 1992;Grüner et al, 1993;Kunkelet al, 1991;Stokes and Reier, 1992;Behrmann et al, Bagden et al, 1993). The most often used tests are vari-1993Guth et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

Kinematic Analysis of Limb Position during Quadrupedal Locomotion in Rats

Broton

Nikolić²,

Suys³

et al. 1996

Journal of Neurotrauma

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A test of locomotor behavior using the coordinates of ipsilateral limb positions of rats walking on a moving treadmill is described. Specific points on the forelimb and hindlimb were digitized from video records for 20-sec continuous sequences of locomotion, and step periods and step distances were calculated. The extent to which a given limb position would predict its own position--or the position of another limb--at different points in time was mathematically determined by autocorrelation and cross-correlation, respectively. Autocorrelation of position data was performed using a three-step window and the standard formula for correlating phasic data. A novel method of data preparation, which included normalization of the step data to eliminate variability introduced by differences in step period length, was used prior to cross-correlations of forelimb to hindlimb positions. Rats walking at 0.10, 0.15, and 0.25 m/sec had high limb autocorrelations, comparable forelimb/hindlimb phase relationships, and consistently high average cross-correlation coefficients. This analysis has resulted in the quantification of rat locomotor behavior in terms of the degree of limb movement rhythmicity and the strength of the forelimb/hindlimb coordination, and has provided baseline data for comparisons with spinal cord-injured rats that have retained or recovered alternating hindpaw movements.

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Laminin and fibronectin scaffolds enhance neural stem cell transplantation into the injured brain

Tate

Shear

Tate

et al. 2009

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

194

127

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Cell transplantation offers the potential to treat central nervous system injuries, largely because multiple mechanisms can be targeted in a sustained fashion. It is crucial that cells are transplanted into an environment that is favourable for extended survival and integration within the host tissue. Given the success of using fetal tissue grafts for traumatic brain injury, it may be beneficial to mimic key aspects of these grafts (e.g. three-dimensionality, cell-cell and cell-matrix support) to deliver cells. Extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin and laminin are involved in neural development and may provide adhesive support for donor cells and mediate subsequent cell signalling events. In this study, neural stem cells were transplanted into the traumatically injured mouse brain within a tissue-engineered construct containing either a laminin- or fibronectin-based scaffold. Cells delivered within the scaffolds were more widely distributed in the injured brain compared to cells delivered in media alone. There were no differences in donor cell survival at 1 week post-transplant; however, by 8 weeks post-transplant, cells delivered within the scaffolds showed improved survival compared to those transplanted in media alone. Survival was more enhanced with the laminin-based scaffold compared to the fibronectin-based scaffold. Furthermore, behavioural analyses indicated that mice receiving neural stem cells within the laminin-based scaffold performed significantly better than untreated mice on a spatial learning task, supporting the notion that functional recovery correlates positively with donor cell survival. Together these results suggest that the use of appropriate extracellular matrix-based scaffolds can be exploited to improve cell transplantation therapy.

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Implantation of neuronal suspensions into contusive injury sites in the adult rat spinal cord

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Neuroprotection and Regeneration Strategies for Spinal Cord Repair

Neuroprotection and Regeneration Strategies for Spinal Cord Repair

Kinematic Analysis of Limb Position during Quadrupedal Locomotion in Rats

Laminin and fibronectin scaffolds enhance neural stem cell transplantation into the injured brain

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