Implantation temperature, dose and sample quality effects in nuclear orientation experiments

Measurement of theβ-asymmetry parameter ofCu67in search for tensor-type currents in the weak interaction

“…well below 5 × 10 13 atoms/cm 2 ) and at low temperature, a large fraction of atoms are expected to occupy good lattice sites with no damage to the iron foil (i.e. change of the fraction) during the implantations [43][44][45][46]. As both isotopes were, moreover, implanted into the same iron foil, the fraction obtained for 68 Cu is valid for 67 Cu as well.…”

Hyperfine field and hyperfine anomalies of copper impurities in iron

“…In most cases, the primary goal was to deduce the nuclear magnetic moments of the impurity isotopes [28]. The same technique is also used to ground state spins [29], hyperfine fields [1,30], nuclear relaxation times [31,32], and quadrupole splittings [33,34], as well as to obtain information on the lattice location and implantation behavior of implanted impurities [13,[35][36][37]. NMR/ON experiments require the nuclei to be oriented, which is done using the LTNO method [4] and requires cooling down the radioactive samples to temperatures in the millikelvin region and subjecting them to high magnetic fields, either hyperfine magnetic fields [4] or externally applied fields [38].…”

“…In most cases, the primary goal was to deduce the nuclear magnetic moments of the impurity isotopes [28]. The same technique is also used to ground state spins [29], hyperfine fields [1,30], nuclear relaxation times [31,32], and quadrupole splittings [33,34], as well as to obtain information on the lattice location and implantation behavior of implanted impurities [13,[35][36][37].…”