Implantes de membranas biológicas en cirugía reconstructiva veterinaria: aspectos básicos y métodos de conservación

Abstract

ResumenLas membranas biológicas se emplean como implantes en cirugía veterinaria reconstructiva con el objetivo de restablecer la función y la estructura de tejidos dañados. Diversos tejidos obtenidos de animales, conservados por diferentes técnicas e implantados en receptores de la misma o de diferente especie, permiten reparar heridas en las que es evidente la extensa pérdida tisular o la imposibilidad de inducir cicatrización por primera intención. Aunque las bondades de las membranas biológicas son mayores que sus desventajas, su uso en la rutina clínica y quirúrgica no es frecuente, en gran parte por el desconocimiento de sus características, manipulación e implantación. La presente revisión pretende recopilar los aspectos generales que envuelven las membranas biológicas, desde su obtención hasta las posibles complicaciones de su uso, a través de estudios experimentales y reportes de caso relatados con anterioridad, e incentivar su uso como biomaterial de implante en defectos anatómicos, heridas traumáticas, postoperatorios oncológicos y traumas en general.Palabras clave: animales, cirugía, membranas biológicas, reconstrucción, reparación. Biological membrane implants in veterinary reconstructive surgery: Basic aspects and conservation methods AbstractBiological membranes are used as implants in veterinary reconstructive surgery in order to restore the function and structure of damaged tissues. Various tissues from animals, kept by different techniques and implanted in recipients of the same or different species, help repair wounds where extensive tissue loss or the inability to scarring is evidenced. Although the benefits of biological membranes outweigh their disadvantages, their use in clinical and surgical routines is rare, largely due to ignorance of their characteristics, handling and implantation. The present article aims to review general aspects on biological membranes, from procurement to possible complications of their use, through experimental studies and previously reported cases, and to encourage their use as a biomaterial implant in case of anatomical defects, traumatic wounds, oncological postoperative care, and traumas in general.

Comparative Analysis of Tissular Response After Abdominal Wall Repair Using Polypropylene Mesh and Bovine Pericardium Mesh

“…Although reports in the literature indicate that bovine pericardium has a greater tensile strength in relation to certain synthetic meshes, calcifications and immune rejection responses should be considered, taking into account the indications in the use of this material 13 . The bovine pericardium is the bovine heart surrounding membrane, being a biological tissue widely studied in the literature to produce products of medical use, many of which already in clinical use.…”