Implants coated with bioactive glass by CO₂-laser, an in vivo study

Abstract

Due to ageing of the population, the number of revision operations is expected to increase. Thus good fixation of medical implants is crucial for successful treatment. In our previous studies, a method to coat titanium implants with bioactive glass (BAG) via CO2 laser treatment was introduced. It allows to localise the application of a bioactive coating, without heat treatment of the whole implant. In the present study, cylindrical titanium implants were used (BAG-coated, control group: NaOH-treated and grit-blasted Ti). Three implants were placed in each femoral epicondyle of six rabbits. After eight weeks the animals were sacrificed. Half of the implants were subjected to a torsional loading test. In the control groups, the failure occurred at the bone-implant interface, in the BAG group the failure occurred mainly in the reacted glass. The implants coated with BAG were integrated into host bone without a connective tissue capsule and were surrounded by significantly more bone than the control implants. The findings indicate clearly that the use of CO2 laser radiation to create BAG coatings did not inhibit the bioactive properties of the glass in terms of osteoconduction.

Sol-Gel SiO2-CaO-P2O5 biofilm with surface engineered for medical application

“…A great number of materials are used today to replace damaged bones and tissues, including metallic materials due to their excellent mechanical properties, such as strength and hardness. Unfortunately, these materials have two main disadvantages: 1) the tendency to release metallic ions when exposed to body fluids and 2) the formation of a non-adherent fibrous capsule around implant [6][7][8][9][10] . Considering these disadvantages, ceramic materials (bioactive materials) have been successfully used to coat metallic materials for decades.…”

New laser-treated implant surfaces: A histologic and histomorphometric pilot study in rabbits

“…Indeed, osteoconductivity is the ability of an implant surface to conduct the growth of the bone over its surface. Similar studies con rm the reliability of implant surface laser treatment techniques [6,[17][18][19]. Many studies stressed how laser treatment on smooth titanium implant surfaces induced a unique morphology, without cavitylike features or other morphological elements that could contain irremovable contaminations, such as traces of aluminium or silica le over from implant sandblasting [2,20].…”

Bioactive-glass in periodontal surgery and implant dentistry

“…Even if animals are not ideal models for humans because of the intrinsic metabolic, anatomic and cellular differences that can give inadequate or erroneous information 67) , similar data had been allegedly reported in animal models by Moritz et al 59) and by Wheeler et al 68) who found that, in presence of B-G coating, implants were integrated into host bone without a connective tissue capsule and were surrounded by significantly more bone tissue than the control implants.…”

“…It has been established that the rate of surface reaction of B-G to body tissues is very fast (within hours) in comparison to SHA 25) and that calcium sodium phosphosilicates can develop a chemical bond with living bone that is stronger than either the bone or ceramic alone 2) . Because of its high IB, B-G is regarded as a viable alternative to cover metallic implants in order to combine the best properties of both materials 59) . On this account, the B-G coating may improve the rate of commitment of bone precursor cells to osteoblastic lineage differentiation and the resultant implants display a more rapid interfacial bone formation, with consequent stabilization at an early stage, load bearing capacity in poor quality bone along with whole treatment time reduction.…”

“…The deposition of such an intermediate layer is useful to obtain a good adhesion of the coating to the substrate, to minimize the reactivity between the substrate and the outer glass-ceramic coating, and thus to preserve the nature of its crystalline phases. An example is represented by the dip-coating of titanium implants with glass of the 1-98 composition {SiO 2 (53 wt%), Na2O (6 wt%), CaO (22 wt%), MgO (5 wt%), K2O (11 wt%), P2O5 (2 wt%), and boron trioxide [B2O3 (1 wt%)]}, which were tested in rabbit femurs 59) . The coated implants were integrated into host bone without a connective tissue capsule and were surrounded by significantly more bone than the non-coated implants.…”