Implementation and characterization of a smart parking system based on 3-axis magnetic sensors

Trigona, Carlo; Andò, B.; Sinatra, Valentina; Vacirca, C.; Rossino, E.; Palermo, L.; Kurukunda, Santhosh; Baglio, Salvatore

doi:10.1109/i2mtc.2016.7520379

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…[86] Parking management system solved via vehicle counting entry in park houses. [112] Not found publication articles on using this sensor as a solution to this problem at this moment.…”

Section: Magnetic Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of IoT Sensor Systems Used for Monitoring the Road Infrastructure

Micko

Papcun

Zolotová

2023

Sensors

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An intelligent transportation system is one of the fundamental goals of the smart city concept. The Internet of Things (IoT) concept is a basic instrument to digitalize and automatize the process in the intelligent transportation system. Digitalization via the IoT concept enables the automatic collection of data usable for management in the transportation system. The IoT concept includes a system of sensors, actuators, control units and computational distribution among the edge, fog and cloud layers. The study proposes a taxonomy of sensors used for monitoring tasks based on motion detection and object tracking in intelligent transportation system tasks. The sensor’s taxonomy helps to categorize the sensors based on working principles, installation or maintenance methods and other categories. The sensor’s categorization enables us to compare the effectiveness of each sensor’s system. Monitoring tasks are analyzed, categorized, and solved in intelligent transportation systems based on a literature review and focusing on motion detection and object tracking methods. A literature survey of sensor systems used for monitoring tasks in the intelligent transportation system was performed according to sensor and monitoring task categorization. In this review, we analyzed the achieved results to measure, sense, or classify events in intelligent transportation system monitoring tasks. The review conclusions were used to propose an architecture of the universal sensor system for common monitoring tasks based on motion detection and object tracking methods in intelligent transportation tasks. The proposed architecture was built and tested for the first experimental results in the case study scenario. Finally, we propose methods that could significantly improve the results in the following research.

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“…[86] Parking management system solved via vehicle counting entry in park houses. [112] Not found publication articles on using this sensor as a solution to this problem at this moment.…”

Section: Magnetic Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of IoT Sensor Systems Used for Monitoring the Road Infrastructure

Micko

Papcun

Zolotová

2023

Sensors

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“…Trigona et al [32] propose a system that is composed of a network of tri-axial magnetic sensors, located on the pavement in order to detect vehicles. Cars are detected by measuring the change in the earth's magnetic field caused by the presence of a vehicle near the sensor.…”

Section: B Smart Parking Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart mobility: A survey

Faria¹,

Brito²,

Baras³

et al. 2017

2017 International Conference on Internet of Things for the Global Community (IoTGC)

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Internet of Things (IoT) describes a world where everyday objects are always connected to the Internet, allowing them to communicate and interact with each other. By connecting these everyday objects to the Internet and making them available everywhere at any time, IoT allows to remotely monitor, manage, and gather status information about them and their surrounding environment. IoT is a revolutionary concept that brought new experiences to everyday life and enabled Smart City initiatives all over the world. These initiatives are using a combination of technology paired with physical infrastructure and services, to improve people's quality of life. One of the highpriority domain to support the Smart City's vision is the field of Smart Mobility. This paper reviews the current IoT approaches and concepts related to Smart Cities and Smart Mobility. In addition, it analyzes distinct features and numerous applications covering both Intelligent Transportation and Real Time Traffic Management Systems.

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“…Detection of the ultra-low magnetic field has a wide area of interest where sensitive physical sensing holds the key part of applicative technologies such as automotive [ 1 ], magnetic communication [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ], noninvasive brain mapping [ 7 ], nondestructive materials evaluation [ 8 ], geomagnetism [ 9 , 10 ], and point-of-care diagnostics [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. In particular, magnetic field sensors have been applied in the engine-based automotive industry over decades to control the speed, navigation, steering, and parking modules of automatic control systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridge Resistance Compensation for Noise Reduction in a Self-Balanced PHMR Sensor

Lee

Jeon

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Advanced microelectromechanical system (MEMS) magnetic field sensor applications demand ultra-high detectivity down to the low magnetic fields. To enhance the detection limit of the magnetic sensor, a resistance compensator integrated self-balanced bridge type sensor was devised for low-frequency noise reduction in the frequency range of 0.5 Hz to 200 Hz. The self-balanced bridge sensor was a NiFe (10 nm)/IrMn (10 nm) bilayer structure in the framework of planar Hall magnetoresistance (PHMR) technology. The proposed resistance compensator integrated with a self-bridge sensor architecture presented a compact and cheaper alternative to marketable MEMS MR sensors, adjusting the offset voltage compensation at the wafer level, and led to substantial improvement in the sensor noise level. Moreover, the sensor noise components of electronic and magnetic origin were identified by measuring the sensor noise spectral density as a function of temperature and operating power. The lowest achievable noise in this device architecture was estimated at ~3.34 nV/Hz at 100 Hz.

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Implementation and characterization of a smart parking system based on 3-axis magnetic sensors

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Review of IoT Sensor Systems Used for Monitoring the Road Infrastructure

Review of IoT Sensor Systems Used for Monitoring the Road Infrastructure

Smart mobility: A survey

Bridge Resistance Compensation for Noise Reduction in a Self-Balanced PHMR Sensor

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