Implementation and Evaluation of a Pharmacist-managed Diabetes Service

Effects of a Community Pharmacist-Based Diabetes Patient-Management Program on Intermediate Clinical Outcome Measures

“…[15][16][17][18] Nonetheless, managed care organizations have not yet fully utilized community pharmacists to improve the quality of diabetes care.…”

Diabetes Care Practice Patterns of Recent Pharmacy Graduates

“…(Choose all that apply) q Diabetes lectures in the Endocrine Module (1) q Glucose meter training in the patient care experience or practice of pharmacy course (2) q Insulin administration training in the patient care experience or practice of pharmacy course (3) q Foot examination training in the patient care experience or practice of pharmacy course (4) q Diabetes care elective course (5) q Diabetes screening program for health fairs (6) q Diabetes certificate program (7) q Service learning at Camp Kudzu (Diabetes Camp) (8) q Rotation (APPE) with emphasis in diabetes care (9) q Other (please specify) (10) ____________________ q None of the above (11) Answer if, ''What school/college of pharmacy did you graduate from?'' Drake University is selected Q8 What learning activities about diabetes did you participate in while you were at Drake University?…”

“…q Chain community pharmacy (ten or more stores under common ownership) (1) q Independent community pharmacy (less than ten stores under common ownership) (2) q Hospital pharmacy (3) q Managed care organization (4) q Pharmaceutical industry (5) q Ambulatory care clinic (6) q Long-term care (7) q Other (please specifiy): (8) ____________________ q Not currently working as a pharmacist (9) Q19 Did you complete or are you completing (Choose all that apply):…”

“…5 Furthermore, several observational studies with a 1-year follow-up have demonstrated that pharmacists were successful in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c), blood pressure, lipids, and increasing aspirin use in those with diabetes. [6][7][8][9] In a controlled trial in a university-affiliated primary care clinic, subjects randomized to the pharmacist's intervention achieved a statistically significant reduction in A1c (2.2% vs 0.9%, P < .05) compared to control after 12 to 24 months of follow-up. 10 In the Asheville Project, a community-pharmacy-based diabetes intervention (n ¼ 12 community pharmacies), pharmacists provided clinical assessments, managed drug therapy using collaborative prescribing agreements, and assisted patients with goal setting and monitoring.…”

Healthy People 2010: Challenges, Opportunities, and a Call to Action for America's Pharmacists

“…35,36 In the area of diabetes, numerous pharmacist-led programs have been shown to yield better glycemic control and fewer health care visits. [37][38][39] Implementation and prospective evaluation of pharmacist services for patients with hyperlipidemias have been carried out in a variety of settings and in collaborative practices with physicians and patients. Numerous studies in settings such as Veterans Affairs clinics, community pharmacies, and indigent programs have shown that pharmacists can increase patient adherence to therapy, achieve reductions in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and increase the proportion of patients achieving recognized treatment goals with increased patient satisfaction and at minimal cost.…”