Implementation of a discrete nodal model to probe the effect of size-dependent surface tension on nanoparticle formation and growth

Mukherjee, Dibyendu; Prakash, Anuj; Zachariah, Michael R.

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2006.01.008

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In fact the size dependence of the surface tension was already reported for a range of materials [38][39][40][41] confirming that it is a general property of nano-particles. The values we calculated for c increase from $0.6 to $1 Nm À1 when the expected particle size, L increases from $0.7 to $2.7 nm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

Probing the phonon confinement in ultrasmall silicon nanocrystals reveals a size-dependent surface energy

Crowe

Halsall

Hulko

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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We validate for the first time the phenomenological phonon confinement model (PCM) of H. Richter, Z. P. Wang, and L. Ley [Solid State Commun. 39, 625 (1981)] for silicon nanostructures on the sub-3 nm length scale. By invoking a PCM that incorporates the measured size distribution, as determined from cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (X-TEM) images, we are able to accurately replicate the measured Raman line shape, which gives physical meaning to its evolution with high temperature annealing and removes the uncertainty in determining the confining length scale. The ability of our model to explain the presence of a background scattering spectrum implies the existence of a secondary population of extremely small (sub-nm), amorphous silicon nanoclusters which are not visible in the X-TEM images. Furthermore, the inclusion of an additional fitting parameter, which takes into account the observed peak shift, can be explained by a size-dependent interfacial stress that is minimized by the nanocluster/crystal growth. From this we obtain incidental, yet accurate estimates for the silicon surface energy and a Tolman length, d % 0.15 6 0.1 nm using the Laplace-Young relation.

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confidence: 63%

Probing the phonon confinement in ultrasmall silicon nanocrystals reveals a size-dependent surface energy

Crowe

Halsall

Hulko

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Inside these modes, the particles are further divided by their size into 230 size-bins (nodes), each of which has its particle size d m,i , number concentration N m,i , density ρ m,i. Unlike the nodal models of Prakash et al (2003) and Mukherjee et al (2006), which have the nodes located logarithmically evenly with regard to volume, TUTEAM has the particle size bins located logarithmically evenly in regard to diameter. This allows covering a wider range of particle sizes with a smaller number of nodes.…”

Section: Nodal Exhaust Aerosol Model Tuteammentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sulphur in Diesel Exhaust Aerosol: Models Compared with Measurements

Lemmetty

Rönkkö

Virtanen

et al. 2008

Aerosol Science and Technology

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A nodal aerosol dynamics model TUTEAM (Tampere University of Technology Exhaust Aerosol Model) was developed to study the number and mass evolution of exhaust particles in a dilution system. The model includes processes such as nucleation, condensation, coagulation, and wall losses and it takes into account the dilution and temperature cooling profiles. The model considers nucleation and soot modes separately. For soot particles the fractal structure was implemented in the model to take the density and size, which continuously vary due to condensation, into account accurately. The model was compared with a set of dynamometer measurements of a heavy-duty diesel vehicle with different lubricant oils and fuels, and with a sectional aerosol dynamics model AEROFOR. The trends of nucleation mode geometric median diameter and number concentration as a function of fuel and lubricant sulphur contents were reproduced well. Also the predicted particle composition was in agreement with the measurements of Schneider et al. (2005).

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“…Several techniques have been developed to overcome this shortcoming. Among these methods, the sectional method has been widely accepted as an effective way to simplify the general transport equation (Miller and Garrick 2004;Garrick et al 2006;Mukherjee et al 2006). The sectional method divides the particle size into several discrete categories.…”

Section: Particle Transport Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of particle coagulation in an underground parking lot

Zhao

Kato

Zhao

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Particles in vehicle exhaust plumes in underground parking lots have adverse health effects due to the enclosed environment in which they are released and the temperature difference between the tailpipe and ambient environment; at the same time, particle coagulation might be obvious near the tailpipe in an underground parking lot. In the present study, airflow and temperature fields were calculated using the Realizable k-ε model, and the Eulerian particle transport model was selected in the numerical simulation of particle concentration dispersion. Polydisperse thermal coagulation due to Brownian collisions was employed to calculate the particle coagulation. The results show that particle coagulation rate and half-time were significant within 1 m from the tailpipe. The variations in the particle coagulation rate and half-time were similar, but their directions were opposite. Air exhaust time was nearly four times longer than averaged half-time and 40 times longer than minimum half-time. The peak particle diameter increased approximately 1.43 times due to coagulation. A double particle concentration at the tailpipe caused the fourfold rise in the particle coagulation rate in the distance ranging less than 1 m from the tailpipe. An increase in exhaust velocity at the tailpipe could shorten the obvious range of particle coagulation along the centerline of the tailpipe from 1 to 0.8 m in the study.

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Implementation of a discrete nodal model to probe the effect of size-dependent surface tension on nanoparticle formation and growth

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

Probing the phonon confinement in ultrasmall silicon nanocrystals reveals a size-dependent surface energy

Probing the phonon confinement in ultrasmall silicon nanocrystals reveals a size-dependent surface energy

The Effect of Sulphur in Diesel Exhaust Aerosol: Models Compared with Measurements

Characteristics of particle coagulation in an underground parking lot

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