Implementation of a Kinematic Network-Based Single-Frequency GPS Measurement Model and Its Simulation Tests for Precise Positioning and Attitude Determination of Surveying Vessel

Experimental Analysis of Kinematic Network-Based GPS Positioning Technique for River Bathymetric Survey

“…1 were used simultaneously to estimate unknown coordinates of antennas with improving the ambiguity resolution performance of GPS single-frequency receivers. This method is to constraint geometric conditions with regard to antennas in the multiple baseline model (Hofmann-Wellenhof et al 2001) that defines all GPS data into a single mathematical relationship, performing rapid search and reliable validity test of the ambiguities (Lee & Lyu 2015). A constraint condition in the present study is a previous epoch-estimated ellipsoidal height, which is characterized by no significant change in a short period of time, and baseline lengths between the multiple rover antennas, in which an installation frame was assumed as a rigid body.…”

“…In particular, a vehicle was run over the track in Land-1 and Land-2, and a vehicle was run over the outer track thereby having a relatively large difference in elevation over the path, which was noticeable. Using in-house software that implemented the procedure of the kinematic network model, GPS single-frequency data was processed thereby estimating 3-D coordinates of rover antennas simultaneously (Lee & Lyu 2015). Fig.…”

“…affect the stability and functions of hydraulic structures, which should be monitored accurately through periodical surveys (Lee & Lyu 2015).…”

“…To do this, dual-frequency GPS receivers and a motion sensor to determine an attitude are used in the surveys (Meyer 2010, Sickle 2015. Lee & Lyu (2015) proposed a method that used multiple single-frequency receivers at each of the reference and rover stations rather than using a river bathymetric survey based on dual-frequency GPS receiver and motion sensor. This method was to constraint a geometric distance between antennas at the multiple baseline model in which a number of baselines formed between the reference and rover stations were defined with a single function relationship.…”