Implementation of an all-textile bow-tie antenna for the 868 MHz ISM band

Pavec, Martin; Kapetanakis, Theodoros N.; Ioannidou, Melina P.; Nikolopoulos, Christos D.; Baklezos, Anargyros T.; Blecha, Tomas; Hamáček, Aleš; Vardiambasis, Ioannis O.

doi:10.1109/emceurope48519.2020.9245778

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…The first step is taken by removing one inverted equilateral triangle from each main triangular shape, whereas a second iteration leads to the configuration shown in Figure 1, i.e., one equilateral triangle is removed from each triangle created in the previous stage. The area removed in each iteration is given by [25]: Herein, the number of iterations is N = 2 [29], meaning that, if we assume that the area of the original triangle is equal to 1, then a total area of A 2 = 1/4 + 3/16 is removed after the 2nd iteration.…”

Section: Spk Fractal-based Design and Embroidery Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embroidered Βow-Tie Wearable Antenna for the 868 and 915 MHz ISM Bands

et al. 2021

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A textile, embroidered antenna, based on the fractal shape of the Sierpinski triangle, is designed in this paper for operation in the European free Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) 863–870 MHz band, as well as in the 902–928 MHz band designated for ISM applications in North and South America. Several prototypes have been fabricated by employing different stitch patterns and thread materials. The effect of the fabrication parameters on the performance of the proposed antenna is investigated through measurements and simulations, with the results being in good agreement. The antenna exhibits attractive characteristics such as wide bandwidth, relatively stable radiation patterns, as well as robustness in washing. Several tests reveal that convex and concave bent conditions do not affect the coverage of the aforementioned ISM bands, despite the shift of the resonant frequency in some cases. Moreover, the SAR values resulting from simulations are below the corresponding thresholds suggested by international guidelines.

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Section: Spk Fractal-based Design and Embroidery Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embroidered Βow-Tie Wearable Antenna for the 868 and 915 MHz ISM Bands

et al. 2021

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DESIGN OF LOW SAR WEARABLE TEXTILE ANTENNA FOR 5G AND IoT APPLICATIONS

Christydass¹,

NANDHINI²,

SUBHASHINI³

et al. 2020

JELE

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Wearable Textile Antenna with a Graphene Sheet or Conductive Fabric Patch for the 2.45 GHz Band

et al. 2021

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Textile patch antennas of simple rectangular, triangular, and circular shape, for operation in the 2.4–2.5 GHz free industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, are designed in this paper. Thirty-six patch antenna prototypes have been fabricated by engaging different patch geometries, patch materials, and substrate materials. Each patch antenna is designed after optimization by a genetic algorithm, which evolves the initial dimensions and feeding position of the prototype’s microstrip counterpart to the final optimal geometrical characteristics of the wearable prototype (with the originally selected shape and materials). The impact of the design and fabrication details on antenna performance were thoroughly investigated. Graphene sheet patches were tested against conductive fabric and copper sheet ones, while denim and felt textile substrates were competing. The comparative study between a large number of different graphene, all, and copper textile prototypes, which revealed the excellent suitability of graphene for wearable applications, is the main contribution of this paper. Additional novelty elements are the compact, flexible, and easy-to-fabricate structure of the proposed antennas, as well as the use of state-of-the-art conductive materials and commercially available fabrics and the extensive investigation of many prototypes in various bending conditions. Simulations and measurements of the proposed antennas are in very good agreement. All fabricated prototypes are characterized by flexibility, light weight, mechanical stability, resistance to shock, bending and vibrations, unhindered integration to clothes, low-cost implementation, simple, time-saving, and industry-compatible fabrication process, and low specific absorption rate (SAR) values (computed using rectangular and voxel models); the graphene prototypes are additionally resistant to corrosion, and the circular ones have very good performance under bending conditions. Many antenna prototypes demonstrate interesting characteristics, such as relatively wide bandwidth, adequate gain, firm radiation patterns, coverage of the ISM band even under bending, and very low SAR values. For example, the circular graphene patch (with 55.3 mm diameter attached upon a 165.9 × 165.9 mm) felt substrate CGsF1 prototype accomplishes 109 MHz measured bandwidth, 5.45 dBi gain, 56% efficiency, full coverage of the ISM band under bending, and SAR less than 0.003 W/Kg.

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Implementation of an all-textile bow-tie antenna for the 868 MHz ISM band

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Embroidered Βow-Tie Wearable Antenna for the 868 and 915 MHz ISM Bands

Embroidered Βow-Tie Wearable Antenna for the 868 and 915 MHz ISM Bands

DESIGN OF LOW SAR WEARABLE TEXTILE ANTENNA FOR 5G AND IoT APPLICATIONS

Wearable Textile Antenna with a Graphene Sheet or Conductive Fabric Patch for the 2.45 GHz Band

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