Implementation of Approach Bias Re-Training in Alcoholism-How Many Sessions are Needed?

Eberl, Carolin; Wiers, Reinout W.; Pawelczack, Steffen; Rinck, Mike; Becker, Eni S.; Lindenmeyer, Johannes

doi:10.1111/acer.12281

Cited by 105 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Other intervention components such as optimal number of sessions needed for re-training to occur should also be identified. Studies examining CBM have used varied number of sessions, from two (58) to 12 (28), with recent data suggesting great variability in optimal length of training, among adult alcohol-dependent patients (59). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-training automatic action tendencies to approach cigarettes among adolescent smokers: a pilot study

Kong

Larsen

Cavallo

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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Background This pilot study conducted a preliminary examination of whether Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM), a computerized task to retrain cognitive-approach biases towards smoking stimuli, (1) changed approach bias for cigarettes, and (2) improved smoking cessation outcomes in adolescent smokers. Methods Sixty adolescent smokers received four weeks of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for smoking cessation, with CBM (90% avoidance/10% approach for smoking stimuli and 10% avoidance/90% approach for neutral stimuli) or sham (50% avoidance/50% approach for smoking and neutral stimuli) training in the Netherlands (n = 42) and the United States (n = 18). Results While we did not observe changes in action tendencies related to CBM, adolescents with higher smoking approach biases at baseline had greater decreases in approach biases at follow up, compared to adolescents with smoking avoidance biases, regardless of treatment condition (p = 0.01). Intent-to-treat (ITT) analyses showed that CBM, when compared with sham trended toward higher end-of-treatment, biochemically-confirmed, seven-day point prevalence abstinence, (17.2% vs. 3.2%, p = 0.071). ITT analysis also showed that regardless of treatment condition, cotinine level (p = 0.045) and average number of cigarette smoked (p ≤ 0.001) significantly decreased over the course of treatment. Conclusions The findings from this pilot study suggests that re-training approach biases toward cigarettes shows promise for smoking cessation among adolescent smokers. Future research should utilize larger samples and increased distinction between CBM and sham conditions, and examine mechanisms underlying the CBM approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-training automatic action tendencies to approach cigarettes among adolescent smokers: a pilot study

Kong

Larsen

Cavallo

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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“…Specifically, such future study could explicate association between multisession, training-dependent change in cognitive functions and subsequent symptom reduction. Some of this knowledge can be readily extracted from extant data of ABM clinical trials via secondary analyses of doseresponse curves for optimal treatment length (Eberl et al, 2014). ABM researchers also could more closely examine subject-specific learning rates in an attempt to identify moderators of clinical outcome and optimize training procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of ABM-related learning and memory consolidation processes among anxious and nonanxious participants could identify potential impairments in specific phases of attention training. Such impairments could then be directly targeted by adjusting training parameters, thereby ultimately aiding in the design of more efficacious ABM protocols for anxiety (Eberl et al, 2014;MacLeod & Mathews, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Learning and Memory Consolidation Processes of Attention-Bias Modification in Anxious and Nonanxious Individuals

Abend

Pine²,

Bar‐Haim

2014

Clinical Psychological Science

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Recent evidence suggests that attention-bias-modification (ABM) procedures may reduce anxiety via computerized attention-training tasks. However, the mechanisms underlying the modification of attention patterns in anxiety remain largely unexplored. Here, we compared anxious and nonanxious participants in terms of learning and memory consolidation effects associated with training to attend either toward or away from threat. When trained to attend away from threat, the primary training condition in ABM treatment, anxious participants demonstrated impaired within-session learning. In contrast, consolidation of threat-related learning did not vary as a function of anxiety. These findings suggest that anxious participants have a selective difficulty in altering their threat-related attention patterns during ABM. This specific deficit could explain inconsistent findings in the ABM research base, as well as elucidate potential targets for optimizing ABM protocols in the treatment of anxiety.

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“…Die hier beispielhaft erwähnten empirischen Arbeiten unterstreichen konsistent mit den theoretischen Annahmen von Dong und Potenza [2014] und Brand et al [2016b] [Eberl et al, 2013a[Eberl et al, , 2013bWiers et al, 2011].…”

Section: Herleitung Von Theoretischen Annahmen Aus Der Substanzbezogeunclassified

Reizreaktivität und Craving bei Verhaltenssüchten mit Fokus auf Internetnutzungsstörungen

Wegmann

Brand

2018

Verhaltenstherapie

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Verhaltenssüchte sind gekennzeichnet durch das wiederholte Ausüben eines spezifischen Verhaltens unter Missachtung negativer Konsequenzen und des erlebten Kontrollverlusts im Alltag. Zentrale Konstrukte sind dabei Reizreaktivität und Craving, die aus der substanzbezogenen Suchtforschung auch durch aktuelle theoretische Modelle auf die Verhaltenssüchte übertragen werden. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über theoretische und empirische Arbeiten, die konsistent die Relevanz von Reizreaktivität und Craving als Schlüsselkonzepte auf subjektiver, peripherphysiologischer und neuraler Ebene bei der Entwicklung und Aufrechterhaltung spezifischer Verhaltenssüchte unterstreichen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt wird hierbei auf spezifische Internetnutzungsstörungen und die bisherigen empirischen Befunde gelegt. Aus den dargestellten Erkenntnissen werden Empfehlungen für therapeutische Konzepte abgeleitet, die vor allem Reizreaktivität und Craving in den Fokus rücken sollten. Die Wirksamkeit dieser Ansätze sollte in zukünftigen Studien systematisch zur Optimierung therapeutischer Interventionen im Rahmen der Behandlung von Verhaltenssüchten überprüft werden.

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Implementation of Approach Bias Re-Training in Alcoholism-How Many Sessions are Needed?

Abstract: Suggestions for practical implementations of CBM are discussed.

Cited by 105 publications

References 35 publications

Re-training automatic action tendencies to approach cigarettes among adolescent smokers: a pilot study

Re-training automatic action tendencies to approach cigarettes among adolescent smokers: a pilot study

Learning and Memory Consolidation Processes of Attention-Bias Modification in Anxious and Nonanxious Individuals

Reizreaktivität und Craving bei Verhaltenssüchten mit Fokus auf Internetnutzungsstörungen

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