Implementation of Blockchain Consensus Algorithm on Embedded Architecture

Frikha, Tarek; Chaabane, Faten; Aouinti, Nadhir; Cheikhrouhou, Omar; Amor, Nader Ben; Kerrouche, Abdelfateh

doi:10.1155/2021/9918697

Cited by 51 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Frikha et al [ 32 ] discussed the implementation of blockchain consensus algorithm in supply chain embedded architecture. This study shows that in the supply chain of distributed robotic systems running on embedded IoT hardware, the power consumption, and execution time are more significant challenges in addition to data security issues and the number of nodes scalability.…”

Section: A Review Of the State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Adoption of Blockchain for IoT Devices in Supply Chain

Baig

Sunny

Alqahtani

et al. 2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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The integration of blockchain and IoT enables promising solutions in decentralized environments in contrast with centralized systems. The blockchain brings forth features such as fault tolerance, security, and transparency of the data in IoT devices. As there is requirement of consensus among the network nodes to agree on a single-state-of-ledger, nonetheless, the extensive computational requirement for the consensus protocol becomes a limitation in resource-constrained IoT devices with limited battery, computation, and communication capabilities. This study proposes an empirical approach on the adoption of blockchain in a supply chain environment. Furthermore, a modified version of the Raft consensus protocol is proposed for use in supply-chain environment on the permissioned blockchain Hyperledger. In Raft consensus protocol, each transaction is directed to the leader node that transmits it to the follower nodes, making the leader node the bottleneck thus inhibiting the scalability and throughput of the system. This also results in high latency for the network. The modified RAFT consensus protocol (mRAFT) is based on the idea of utilizing the idle follower nodes in disseminating the vote requests and log replication messages. A detailed empirical evaluation of the solution built on Hyperledger Caliper is performed to demonstrate the applicability of the system. The improved workload division on the peers boosts the throughput and latency of the system in ordering service that enhances the overall efficiency of the system.

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Section: A Review Of the State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Adoption of Blockchain for IoT Devices in Supply Chain

Baig

Sunny

Alqahtani

et al. 2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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“…In the LDA, the document is created based on the concept-wise and the relevant matrix with vector query. To improve the efficiency of this implementation of the LDA method by using the "Greedy Depth First Search" algorithm [18].…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Blockchain Security Using Ripple Consensus Algorithm

Baseera¹,

Alsadhan²

2022

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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In the development of technology in various fields like big data analysis, data mining, big data, cloud computing, and blockchain technology, security become more constrained. Blockchain is used in providing security by encrypting the sharing of information. Blockchain is applied in the peerto-peer (P2P) network and it has a decentralized ledger. Providing security against unauthorized breaches in the distributed network is required. To detect unauthorized breaches, there are numerous techniques were developed and those techniques are inefficient and have poor data integrity. Hence, a novel technique needs to be implemented to tackle the new breaches in the distributed network. This paper, proposed a hybrid technique of two fish with a ripple consensus algorithm (TF-RC). To improve the detection time and security, this paper uses efficient transmission of data in the distributed network. The experimental analysis of TF-RC by using the metric measures of performance in terms of latency, throughput, energy efficiency and it produced better performance.

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“…For instance, the PoW algorithm is known to be a priori incompatible with lightweight implementation. Thus, it was shown in [13,14] that an Ethereum-based system cannot be implemented on a Raspberry Pi 3 platform. The implementation of Ethereum PoW on the ARM (Advanced RISC Machine) architecture of the Raspberry Pi 3 made the platform crash, even when a single node is implemented.…”

Section: Blockchain At a Glancementioning

confidence: 99%

Lightweight Blockchain Processing. Case Study: Scanned Document Tracking on Tezos Blockchain

et al. 2021

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To bridge the current gap between the Blockchain expectancies and their intensive computation constraints, the present paper advances a lightweight processing solution, based on a load-balancing architecture, compatible with the lightweight/embedding processing paradigms. In this way, the execution of complex operations is securely delegated to an off-chain general-purpose computing machine while the intimate Blockchain operations are kept on-chain. The illustrations correspond to an on-chain Tezos configuration and to a multiprocessor ARM embedded platform (integrated into a Raspberry Pi). The performances are assessed in terms of security, execution time, and CPU consumption when achieving a visual document fingerprint task. It is thus demonstrated that the advanced solution makes it possible for a computing intensive application to be deployed under severely constrained computation and memory resources, as set by a Raspberry Pi 3. The experimental results show that up to nine Tezos nodes can be deployed on a single Raspberry Pi 3 and that the limitation is not derived from the memory but from the computation resources. The execution time with a limited number of fingerprints is 40% higher than using a classical PC solution (value computed with 95% relative error lower than 5%).

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Implementation of Blockchain Consensus Algorithm on Embedded Architecture

Cited by 51 publications

References 27 publications

A Study on the Adoption of Blockchain for IoT Devices in Supply Chain

A Study on the Adoption of Blockchain for IoT Devices in Supply Chain

Enhancing Blockchain Security Using Ripple Consensus Algorithm

Lightweight Blockchain Processing. Case Study: Scanned Document Tracking on Tezos Blockchain

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