Implementation of drinking water safety plans and lessons from the Pacific islands

Khatri, Krishna; Iddings, Steven; Overmars, Marc; Hasan, Tasleem; Gerber, F.

doi:10.3362/1756-3488.2011.027

Cited by 6 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It is suitable for all target groups and should be adapted to their specific needs. Numerous publications refer to face-to-face training when discussing training generally (Hasan et al, 2011; Hubbert, 2013; Khatri et al, 2011; Magtibay and Chong, 2011; Mahmud et al., 2017; Rouse et al, 2010). Advantages of face-to-face training include enhanced opportunity for group activities and exchange of experiences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Training plans typically apply a combination of: Lectures to explain the context, benefits, and elements of WSP implementation;Case studies (Greaves and Simmons, 2011; Schmoll et al, 2011);Practical exercises and technical training elements to gain firsthand experience with WSP development, either based on water supplies known to the participants or a fictional water supply;Role-play and other games (Barrington et al, 2013; Ferrero et al, 2018);Field elements such as visiting a water supplier to gain practical experience on the theoretical knowledge gained in the classroom (Shamsuddin et al, 2005);Supervised “on-the-job” training (WHO, 2014c), andParticipatory approaches for community members (Kayaga, 2013; Khatri et al, 2011). A list of WSP guidance and training material available in English was developed by WHO (2017f).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Capacity building and training approaches for water safety plans: A comprehensive literature review

Ferrero

Setty

Rickert

et al. 2019

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health

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The World Health Organization has recommended Water Safety Plans (WSPs), a holistic risk assessment and risk management approach, for drinking-water suppliers across low-, middle- and high-income countries, since publishing its 2004 Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality. While rapid WSP adoption has occurred, capacity is still catching up to implementation needs. Many countries and regions lack case examples, legal requirements, and training resources for WSPs, corresponding to widespread capacity shortfall in the water supply sector. We undertook a comprehensive review of the literature on capacity building and training for WSPs, with the goal of providing recommendations for multiple stakeholder groups at the scales of individual utilities, national governments, and intermediate units of governance. We propose a WSP training taxonomy and discuss it in relation to the stages of learning (introduction, practice, and reinforcement); describe the importance of customizing training to the target group, local language and circumstances; highlight the relevance of auditing for evaluating change over time; and call for robust methods to monitor WSP capacity development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity building and training approaches for water safety plans: A comprehensive literature review

Ferrero

Setty

Rickert

et al. 2019

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…. play a strong role in supporting WSPs" [34], and "there is a need for a systematic approach with multiple stakeholder involvement to develop a comprehensive and effective WSP strategy" [35]. The results of this literature analysis were combined with the findings from Table 1 to create a set of twenty-one success factors.…”

Section: Defining Success Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Success factors were extracted from the remaining literature based on the language used and suggestions or conclusions made by authors. For example, "stakeholders need to adapt the WSP to their local context" [33], "capacity building … play a strong role in supporting WSPs" [34], and "there is a need for a systematic approach with multiple stakeholder involvement to develop a comprehensive and effective WSP strategy" [35]. The results of this literature analysis were combined with the findings from Table 1 to create a set of twenty-one success factors.…”

Section: Defining Success Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of these examples have overlapping success factors, with "Developing technical capacity", "Community engagement", "Sharing examples", "Affordability" and "Monitoring and verification" noted several times. [11,36]; development of national training tools and technical resources from sources such as external donors, charitable organisations, and district offices [37,38]; extensive training of sector professionals including caretakers [11,36,38]; training in the use of simple-to-use H 2 S tests [32,35,39]; teaching children through games [40]; creation of WSP experts [38]; using trained sanitary inspectors to coach operators to refine and improve WSP quality [41].…”

Section: Defining Success Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Success Factors for Water Safety Plan Implementation in Small Drinking Water Supplies in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

et al. 2020

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Water Safety Plan (WSP) implementation has the potential to greatly improve, commonly very challenging and resource limited, small drinking water supplies. Although slower than in urban or high-income settings, the uptake of WSPs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is accelerating. Understanding the factors which will make a WSP successful will further improve efficient uptake and assist with its long-term sustainability. Based on an extensive literature search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISM-A) methodology, 48 publications, including case studies and guidance documentation, formed the basis of this review. These were analysed using inductive and deductive coding methods to (i) identify the success factors applicable to WSP implementation in small drinking water supplies in LMICs and (ii) to investigate which factors are more or less critical depending on the geography and level of development of the implementing country. Key challenges identified during the review process were also noted. A comparison of these success factors was made with those identified from high-income and urban settings. The three most important success factors identified are the development of technical capacity, community engagement, and monitoring and verification. Factors specific to small drinking water supplies in LMICs include support from non-government organisations, integration into existing water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programs, simplicity, and community engagement. Certain factors, such as adaptability, the use of guidance documentation, international collaboration, the role of pilot studies, knowledge sharing, and stakeholder involvement are applicable to all WSP settings. Due to the specific challenges faced by small drinking water systems and the limited number of original research publications on this topic, this study highlights the need for further data collection and research focused on success factors in these settings. It is anticipated that the consideration of the success factors identified in this study will assist implementers in improving the uptake and long-term sustainability of WSPs in small drinking water supplies in low- and middle-income settings.

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Screening of pharmaceuticals in coastal waters of the southern coast of Viti Levu in Fiji, South Pacific

et al. 2021

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Implementation of drinking water safety plans and lessons from the Pacific islands

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Capacity building and training approaches for water safety plans: A comprehensive literature review

Capacity building and training approaches for water safety plans: A comprehensive literature review

Success Factors for Water Safety Plan Implementation in Small Drinking Water Supplies in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Screening of pharmaceuticals in coastal waters of the southern coast of Viti Levu in Fiji, South Pacific

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