Implementation of multiple-pulse injection strategies to enhance the homogeneity for simultaneous low-NOx and -soot diesel combustion

Direct injection of neat n-butanol for enabling clean low temperature combustion in a modern diesel engine

“…compression ratios) and/or operating parameters (e.g. EGR ratios) can be effective to enable LTC for simultaneous reduction of NO x and particulate emissions, as reported in [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. In terms of fuel properties, empirical results suggested that less ignitable fuels could assist to extend the LTC operation to higher engine loads, while the impact of fuel volatility was relatively minor [33][34][35][36].…”

Using one-dimensional modeling to analyze the influence of the use of biodiesels on the dynamic behavior of solenoid-operated injectors in common rail systems: Results of the simulations and discussion

“…For this purpose, several strategies have been considered and analyzed. For example, the use of multiple injections has shown a potential to modify the combustion development and reduce the pollutant formation [1]- [3]. Beside this, the influence of alternative fuels (especially biofuels derived from vegetable oils) on pollutant emissions and engine performance has been widely studied [4]- [9].…”

An experimental study of fuel injection strategies in CAI gasoline engine

“…Mixture stratification can lead to the formation of local zones of higher temperatures and a substantial increase of NO X emission [9,12]. However, according to Zheng and Kumar [13], partial mixture stratification decreases NO X emission in comparison to homogeneous charge combustion.…”