Implementation of pharmacogenomic testing service through community pharmacy in the Netherlands: results from an early service evaluation

Thornley, Tracey; Esquivel, Bernard; Wright, David J.; Dop, Hidde van den; Kirkdale, Charlotte L.; Youssef, Essra

doi:10.22541/au.160458487.79474085/v1

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This study demonstrates the potential roles community pharmacy staff can have in raising public awareness of RA, the early identi cation of RA, early symptom management and signposting towards prompt and de nitive treatment initiation. This aligns with current policy in many countries, including the UK, to expand pharmacy services (33)(34)(35)(36) and to facilitate integration within primary care (37,38). With the correct knowledge and training, pharmacy staff are well positioned to use their clinical skills to identify and refer patients to their GPs where appropriate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

The potential role of community pharmacy staff in reducing patient delay in consulting with symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study

Simons¹,

Ismail²,

Sandhu³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis which can cause joint damage and reduced quality of life. Early treatment of RA within 3 months of symptom onset is associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, this window of opportunity is often missed. One important factor that contributes to treatment delay is that patients with symptoms of RA often delay consulting their general practitioner (GP). Previous research indicates that patients with inflammatory arthritis are likely to visit pharmacies for advice before consulting their GP. Therefore, pharmacists are well positioned to identify patients with symptoms of early inflammatory arthritis and sign post them appropriately. This research examines community pharmacy staff’s knowledge, perceptions and approaches to management of patients presenting with symptoms of RA in order to identify training needs and other opportunities for intervention to enhance the role of pharmacy staff in the pathway to care. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 community pharmacy staff with varying roles in the West Midlands, UK, during a 12 month period (2017–2018). The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis facilitated by NVivo 12. Results Community pharmacy staff (including pharmacists, pharmacy managers, technicians, dispensers and pre-registration pharmacists) had a range of knowledge and differing perceptions of RA and what action should be taken when patients present with symptoms of RA. These can be grouped into four themes: (1) Variations in perceptions and knowledge about RA. (2) The role of the pharmacy in increasing public awareness about RA. (3) The role of the pharmacy staff in facilitating access to the GP. (4) Practical considerations for pharmacy based interventions. Conclusion Amongst community pharmacy staff, there is wide variation in the understanding of RA and the importance of early treatment. This study identifies opportunities for enhanced training of community pharmacists and other pharmacy staff in relation to inflammatory arthritis as well as other pharmacy-based interventions, such as public awareness campaigns about RA and other musculoskeletal conditions. This could result in enhanced signposting to rapid GP consultation for inflammatory symptoms and reduced treatment delay.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

The potential role of community pharmacy staff in reducing patient delay in consulting with symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study

Simons¹,

Ismail²,

Sandhu³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The experience of some clinics applying these principles shows that local pharmacogenomic support services can sustainably contribute to psychiatric community healthcare (Arwood et al, 2020;Dunnenberger et al, 2016), effectively reducing the amount of trial-and-error needed to find efficacious medications in a sizeable proportion of individuals. Similar outcomes have been obtained, though not specifically in psychiatry, by integrating pre-emptive genetic testing services into existing clinical pharmacy frameworks (Thornley et al, 2021). Thus, it becomes plausible that the development and adoption of these specialist services could act as the gateway through which pharmacogenomics knowledge becomes integrated into the psychiatric standard of care (Figure 1A, Figure 1B), revealing a road from "precision medicine" into "precision psychiatry".…”

Section: Research Widely Implement Locallymentioning

confidence: 53%

Pharmacogenomics: A road ahead for precision medicine in psychiatry

Pardiñas¹,

Walters²

2021

Neuron

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“…This study further demonstrates the potential roles pharmacists and other members of the pharmacy team can have in raising public awareness of RA. This aligns with current policy in many countries, including the UK, to expand pharmacy services [35][36][37][38] and to facilitate integration within primary care [39,40]. With the correct knowledge and training, pharmacists are well positioned to use their clinical skills to identify and refer patients with a wide variety of ailments, including suspected RA, to their GPs where appropriate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

The potential role of community pharmacy staff in reducing patient delay in consulting with symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis which can cause joint damage and reduced quality of life. Early treatment of RA within 3 months of symptom onset is associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, this window of opportunity is often missed. One important contributing factor is patients with symptoms of RA delaying consulting their general practitioner (GP). Previous research indicates that patients with inflammatory arthritis are likely to visit pharmacies for advice before consulting their GP. Therefore, pharmacists are well positioned to identify patients with symptoms of early inflammatory arthritis and signpost them appropriately. This research examines community pharmacy staff’s knowledge, perceptions, and approaches to management of patients presenting with symptoms of RA in order to identify training needs and other opportunities for intervention to enhance the role of pharmacy staff in the pathway to care. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 community pharmacy staff in the West Midlands (UK), during a 12-month period (2017–2018). The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis facilitated by NVivo 12. Results There was considerable variation in knowledge and perceptions of RA and the need for early treatment amongst pharmacists and other pharmacy staff. The potential role of pharmacists and other pharmacy staff in reducing delay in help-seeking was also discussed. Four themes emerged from thematic analysis: (1) Variations in perceptions and knowledge about RA. (2) The role of the pharmacy in increasing public awareness about RA. (3) The role of the pharmacy staff in facilitating access to the GP. (4) Practical considerations for pharmacy-based interventions. Conclusion Variability in knowledge and perceptions of RA amongst pharmacists, and amongst other pharmacy staff will affect effective signposting of suspected RA cases. This study identifies opportunities for enhanced training of community pharmacists and other pharmacy staff in relation to inflammatory arthritis as well as other pharmacy-based interventions, such as public awareness campaigns about RA and other musculoskeletal conditions. Together with existing referral services and other pharmacy-based initiatives this could result in enhanced signposting to GP consultation or other appropriate NHS services for inflammatory symptoms and reduced treatment delay.

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Implementation of pharmacogenomic testing service through community pharmacy in the Netherlands: results from an early service evaluation

Abstract: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

The potential role of community pharmacy staff in reducing patient delay in consulting with symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study

The potential role of community pharmacy staff in reducing patient delay in consulting with symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study

Pharmacogenomics: A road ahead for precision medicine in psychiatry

The potential role of community pharmacy staff in reducing patient delay in consulting with symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study

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