The problem of the content of linguistic-and-methodological training is vital in the context of a competence-based approach. The purpose of the given study is to test the ways of effective linguistic-and-methodological competence development in the course of professional training of prospective foreign language teachers at content level. The methods of research involve theoretical methods of pedagogical research (analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization) as well as practical methods, such as diagnostics: interviews (oral interviews, conversations), questionnaires and testing. The article presents the definition of linguistic and methodological competence, traces its connection with the competence-based approach in education. Three structural components of linguistic and methodological competence (linguistic-subject, didactic-methodical and scientific-research) are distinguished, and the competencies that are a part of each of them are given. A detailed analysis of the content of academic disciplines is presented, and the disciplines that promote the development of linguistic and methodological competence of prospective foreign language teachers, both from the cycle of humanities and general training, are singled out. The main ways of improvement and enrichment of the content of disciplines from the cycle of humanities Master’s program focused on the development of linguistic and methodological competence (due to the topics of specific disciplines or additionally introduced special courses) are outlined.