“…Due to the impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), like many other nations worldwide, has shifted from traditional learning, i.e., face-to-face, to synchronous digital learning (SDL), with virtual classrooms using numerous tools, e.g., Blackboard Collaborate, Microsoft Teams, Zoom, and social media in some cases [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Before COVID-19, in the KSA, utilizing SDL in the higher education context was limited to some courses [ 4 , 5 ]. Furthermore, numerous studies have highlighted the various benefits of SDL: enhancing learning outcomes, learning satisfaction, learning performance, learning motivation, and positive attitudes towards education [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”