Implementation of swampy forest system for acid mine drainage treatment to meet threshold value

Abstract

Coal mining with the area of the potential acid-forming category can generate acid mine drainage. Acid mine drainage (AMD) that has been formed must be appropriately managed. There are two techniques to treat AMD by the challenge specificity, including the prohibitive cost of the conventional active treatment with an uncertain process and the passive treatment, which faces time constraints and a wider area for preparation. A novel swampy forest system is a development to overcome the weaknesses of conventional processing by naturally responsive mitigation, reducing cost and speed, which results in greater capacity in AMD treatment. The swampy forest system implemented in coal mining relies on three main components: empty fruit bunches as organic matter, grass, and selected tree species planted in the treatment pond. The system effectively changes the non-compliance parameters of wastewater when entered at the system’s inlet to meet the threshold value after processing. It allows for flowing to the public bodies references with the applicable regulation.

WILLINGNESS TO PAY (WTP) TO MEASURE THE EXISTING AND THE HERITAGE VALUES OF AGRICULTURE WETLAND (Case Study of Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan)

“…The main objective of this economic valuation is to provide the information needed for policy and management decision-making by integrating the value of natural resources into economic calculations. The results of the economic valuation enable stakeholders to make more informed choices about the use and conservation of these natural resources (Mazaya et al, 2020;Noor et al, 2024;Saidy et al, 2024). The economic valuation method used is the contingent valuation method (CVM), where the WTP is calculated by the community around agricultural wetlands, which are assumed to enjoy environmental services from these natural resources as a form of concern to participate in maintaining their existence and passing it on to themgenerations to come.…”

The Effect of Organic Materials on the Acidity and Organic Carbon for Floating Media in Lebak Swampland

“…Mulyawan & Apriani, 2023;Noor et al, 2024). Water mimosa (supan-supan) is a local vegetation abundant in the research location and used as a planting medium or a medium for placing treatments in this research.…”