Implementation Science to Accelerate Clean Cooking for Public Health

Rosenthal, Joshua; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Bruce, Nigel; Chambers, David W; Graham, Jay P.; Jack, Darby; Kline, L.; Masera, Omar; Mehta, Sumi; Mercado, Ilse Ruiz; Neta, Gila; Pattanayak, Subhrendu K.; Puzzolo, Elisa; Petach, Helen; Punturieri, Antonello; Rubinstein, Adolfo; Sage, Michael D.; Sturke, Rachel; Shankar, Anita; Sherr, Kenny; Smith, Kirk R.; Yadama, Gautam N.

doi:10.1289/ehp1018

Cited by 78 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We analyze supply side considerations for clean household fuels using a logic framework developed to support household energy policy decisions associated with scaling-up household energy transitions in low-income and resource-constrained settings (Puzzolo et al, 2016;Quinn et al, 2018;Rosenthal et al, 2017). The 'Logic Model' includes five dimensions that are interlinked and ultimately determine whether and which household fuels/energy sources are appropriate for promotion and use at scale.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supply Considerations for Scaling Up Clean Cooking Fuels for Household Energy in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries

et al. 2019

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Promoting access to clean household cooking energy is an important subject for policy making in low-and middle-income countries, in light of urgent and global efforts to achieve universal energy access by 2030 (Sustainable Development Goal 7). In 2014, the World Health Organization issued "Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality: Household Fuel Combustion", which recommended a shift to cleaner fuels rather than promotion of technologies that more efficiently combust solid fuels. This study fills an important gap in the literature on transitions to household use of clean cooking energy by reviewing supply chain considerations for clean fuel options in low-and middle-income countries. For the purpose of this study, we consider electricity, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), alcohol fuels, biogas, and compressed biomass pellets burned in high performing gasifier stoves to be clean fuel options. Each of the clean fuels reviewed in this study, as well as the supply of electricity, presents both constraints and opportunities for enhanced production, supply, delivery, and long-term sustainability and scalability in resource-poor settings. These options are reviewed and discussed together with policy and regulatory considerations to help in making these fuel and energy choices available and affordable. Our hope is that researchers, government officials and policy makers, and development agencies and investors will be aided by our comparative analysis of these clean household energy choices.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supply Considerations for Scaling Up Clean Cooking Fuels for Household Energy in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries

et al. 2019

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“…These differences did not account for the differential potential for LPG adoption according to different settings and socio-economic groups (Puzzolo et al 2016;Shupler et al 2019). We acknowledge that affordability to the household, prices of competing fuels, supply-chain reliability, and last-mile distribution are all potential factors that contribute to clean fuel adoption, even in best-case scenarios of plentiful cylinder refills available in the market (Rosenthal et al 2017;Puzzolo et al 2019). We provide no estimates regarding the health equity of the policy scenarios.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Health and Climate Impacts of Scaling Adoption of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) for Clean Household Cooking in Cameroon: A Modeling Study

Kypridemos

Puzzolo

Aamaas

et al. 2020

Environ Health Perspect

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BACKGROUND: The Cameroon government has set a target that, by 2030, 58% of the population will be using Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as a cooking fuel, in comparison with less than 20% in 2014. The National LPG Master Plan (Master Plan) was developed for scaling up the LPG sector to achieve this target. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the potential impacts of this planned LPG expansion (the Master Plan) on population health and climate change mitigation, assuming primary, sustained use of LPG for daily cooking. METHODS: We applied existing and developed new mathematical models to calculate the health and climate impacts of expanding LPG primary adoption for household cooking in Cameroon over two periods: a) short-term (2017-2030): Comparing the Master Plan 58% target with a counterfactual LPG adoption of 32% in 2030, in line with current trends; and b) long-term (2031-2100, climate modeling only), assuming Cameroon will become a mature and saturated LPG market by 2100 (73% adoption, based on Latin American countries). We compared this with a counterfactual adoption of 41% by 2100, in line with current trends. RESULTS: By 2030, successful implementation of the Master Plan was estimated to avert about 28,000 (minimum = 22,000, maximum = 35,000) deaths and 770,000 (minimum = 580,000 maximum = 1 million) disability-adjusted life years. For the same period, we estimated reductions in pollutant emissions of more than a third in comparison with the counterfactual, leading to a global cooling of −0:1 milli C in 2030. For 2100, a cooling impact from the Master Plan leading to market saturation (73%) was estimated to be −0:70 milli C in comparison with to the counterfactual, with a range of −0:64 to −0:93 milli C based on different fractions of nonrenewable biomass. DISCUSSION: Successful implementation of the Master Plan could have significant positive impacts on population health in Cameroon with no adverse impacts on climate.

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“…Acute respiratory infections are a major cause of death in children under five and is more likely to occur in those suffering from existing respiratory conditions due to indoor air pollution from the use of biomass fuels (Bruce et al, 2000;Collings et al, 1990). Moreover, although there remain significant gaps in the literature on household air pollution despite significant progress in research (Jeuland et al, 2015;Lewis et al, 2017), Rosenthal et al (2017) rightly argue that "the challenge is to accelerate the widespread, sustained adoption of demonstrably clean cooking to promote public health". The answer to these questions is not straightforward since, from a sustainability analysis, the impacts of different fuels vary.…”

Section: Is Fuel Stacking Desirable From a Policy Perspective?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stacking up the ladder: A panel data analysis of Tanzanian household energy choices

2019

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Energy-use statistics in Tanzania reflect the country's low level of industrialization and development. In 2016, only 16.9% of rural and 65.3% of urban inhabitants in mainland Tanzania were connected to some form of electricity. We use a nationally representative three-wave panel dataset (2008-2013) to contribute to the literature on household energy use decisions in Tanzania in the context of the stacking and energy ladder hypotheses. We firstly adopt a panel multinomial-logit approach to model the determinants of household cooking-and lighting-fuel choices. Secondly, we focus explicitly on energy stacking behaviour, proposing various ways of measuring what is inferred when stacking behaviour is thought of in the context of the energy transition and presenting household level correlates of energy stacking behaviour. Thirdly, since fuel uses have gender-differentiated impacts, we investigate women's bargaining power in the decision-making process of household fuel choices. We find that whilst higher household incomes are strongly associated with a transition towards the adoption of more modern fuels, especially lighting fuels, this transition takes place in a context of significant fuel stacking. In Tanzania, government policy has been aimed mostly at connecting households to the electric grid. However, the public health, environmental and social benefits of access to modern energy sources are likely to be diminished in a context of significant fuel stacking. Lastly, we present evidence that the educational attainment of women in the household is an important aspect of household fuel choices.

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Implementation Science to Accelerate Clean Cooking for Public Health

Abstract: Figure 1. Key dimensions and factors for LPG scaling up and sustained adoption.

Cited by 78 publications

References 40 publications

Supply Considerations for Scaling Up Clean Cooking Fuels for Household Energy in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries

Supply Considerations for Scaling Up Clean Cooking Fuels for Household Energy in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries

Health and Climate Impacts of Scaling Adoption of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) for Clean Household Cooking in Cameroon: A Modeling Study

Stacking up the ladder: A panel data analysis of Tanzanian household energy choices

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