Implementation Security in Quantum Key Distribution

The performance of quantum key distribution protocols is evaluated based on the ease of implementation and key generation rate. Among major protocols, the differential-phase-shift (DPS) protocol has the advantage of simple implementation using a train of coherent pulses and a passive detection unit. Unfortunately, however, its key rate is known to be at least proportional to η2 with respect to channel transmission η→0. If one can only prove the rate proportional to η2 and cannot improve the analysis beyond that, then the DPS protocol will be deemed inferior to other major protocols, such as the decoy BB84 protocol. In this paper, we consider a type of DPS protocol in which the phase of each emitted block comprising n pulses is randomized and significantly improves the analysis of its key rate. Specifically, we reveal that the key rate is proportional to η1+1n−2 and this scaling is tight. This implies that the DPS protocol can achieve a key rate proportional to η for a large number of n, which is the same scaling as the decoy BB84 protocol. Our result suggests that the DPS protocol can achieve a combination of both advantages of ease of implementation and a high key generation rate. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

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Quantum Secure Key Generation for QKD Protocols Using Quantum Gates

Gururaja,

Pravinkumar,

Chaubey

2024

Advances in Information Security, Privacy, and Ethics

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Cryptography is evolving to meet the demands of future cyber technologies, but classical cryptographic methods remain vulnerable to interception. Cryptographic techniques struggle to address the evolving landscape of cybersecurity threats, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) emerges as a superior alternative, leveraging quantum mechanics principles such as superposition and entanglement for secure key exchanges. This chapter details the implementation of a Quantum True Random Number Generator (QTRNG) using fundamental single-qubit operation including Hadamard (H), Rotation (RZ) and square-root NOT (SX) gates using IBM Quantum Platform. We evaluate the integration of this QTRNG across several discrete variable QKD protocols: BB84, B92, E91, T22, Differential Phase Shift, and SARG04. The study focuses on how the QTRNG contributes to the randomness and security of these protocols, demonstrating its effectiveness in producing high-quality quantum keys that meet rigorous cryptographic standards.

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Implementation Security in Quantum Key Distribution

Cited by 3 publications

References 178 publications

Secure sharing of one-sided quantum randomness using entangled coherent states

Secure sharing of one-sided quantum randomness using entangled coherent states

Tight scaling of key rate for differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution

Quantum Secure Key Generation for QKD Protocols Using Quantum Gates

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