Implementing Exercise in Standard Cancer Care (Bizi Orain Hybrid Exercise Program): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background Despite the established benefits of regular exercise for patients with cancer to counteract the deleterious effects of the disease itself and treatment-related adverse effects, most of them do not engage in sufficient levels of physical activity and there is a paucity of data on the integration of efficacious exercise programs that are accessible and generalizable to a large proportion of patients with cancer into routine cancer care. Objective We intend to examine the effects attributable to the implementation of a community-based exercise program on cardiorespiratory functional capacity and quality of life for patients with cancer. Methods This will be a hybrid study. In the first experimental phase, patients diagnosed with any type of cancer will be randomized into two parallel groups. One group immediately performs Bizi Orain, a 3-month supervised exercise program (3 times a week), in addition to behavioral counseling in a primary health care setting; the other is a reference group that starts the exercise program 3 months later (delayed treatment). In the second observational phase, the entire cohort of participants will be followed-up for 5 years. Any person diagnosed with cancer in the previous 2 years is eligible for the program. The program evaluation involves the uptake, safety, adherence, and effectiveness assessed after completion of the program and with follow-ups at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. The primary outcomes of the experimental study, to be compared between groups, are improved physical function and quality of life, whereas overall survival is the main objective of the prospective study. To analyze the association between changes in physical activity levels and overall survival, longitudinal mixed-effects models will be used for repeated follow-up measures. Results A total of 265 patients have been enrolled into the study since January 2019, with 42 patients from the hematology service and 223 from the oncology service. Conclusions Bizi Orain is the first population-based exercise program in Spain that will offer more insight into the implementation of feasible, generalizable, and sustainable supportive care services involving structured exercise to extend survival of patients with cancer, improve their physical function and quality of life, and reverse the adverse effects of their disease and related treatments, thereby reducing the clinical burden. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03819595; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03819595 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/24835

Design of Hybrid Teaching System for Aerobic Exercise Class of Recreational Sports Major

“…Second, in aerobics technology class teaching, many aerobics technical movements are following the music instantly, and students are facing difficulty comprehending and mastering aerobics technical movements in a timely and comprehensive manner, thus appearing irregular technical movements; over time will make students feel dependent, affecting the students' learning of knowledge and skills. Finally, in the current aerobics class the student knowledge and skills levels vary, some students in the class have a "not enough" phenomenon, and it is difficult to meet the needs of individual student development [8][9][10]. erefore, the integration of blended teaching into aerobics teaching not only meets the trend of information technology teaching reform but also meets the development needs of students with different levels of knowledge and skills.…”

Barreras y facilitadores del programa de ejercicio EfiKroniK para pacientes con enfermedad crónica en atención primaria

“…El método utilizado nos ha permitido que los participantes hablen sobre sus propias experiencias, en su propio contexto, sin limitaciones externas o ideas preconcebidas por parte del entrevistador 16 , que nos ha facilitado optimizar, adaptar y priorizar estrategias para diseñar intervenciones más adecuadas en los futuros proyectos 22 . Sin embargo, como se observa en la tabla 1 , la representación de los pacientes por enfermedad crónica fue desigual.…”

Association between Phase Angle and Subjective Perceptions of Health Variables in Cancer Patients

“…The participants included in this study were referred by their respective oncologists or hematologists at Cruces, Basurto, and Galdakao University Hospitals, located in Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain. These referrals were made as part of the main project, which established the study’s selection and exclusion criteria in detail [ 41 ].…”

“…These questionnaires were those used in practice by the clinicians in the hospitals involved in the study. The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) is used to assess general health-related quality of life status [ 23 , 41 ], and cancer-specific quality of life is assessed by the Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C-30). The SF-36 consists of eight scaled scores obtained through the weighted sums of the questions in each section.…”

“…Each scale is directly transformed into a 0–100 scale, assuming that each question carries equal weight. The lower the score, the higher the impediment, the higher the score, the lower the disability [ 29 , 41 ]. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) assesses psychological morbidity and possible psychiatric disorders [ 32 , 41 ].…”